OB Exam 2 Questions and Answers Latest Updated 2024/2025 - Galen College of Nursing

OB Exam 2 Questions and Answers Latest Updated 2024/2025 - Galen College of Nursing. What is the most common medical complication of pregnancy? correct answers Hypertension What is PIH? correct answers Pregnancy induced hypertension How is PIH diagnosed? correct answers 140/90 two times 6 hours apart What is gestational hypertension? correct answers Onset after 20 weeks of gestation without proteinuria, return of normal B/P in postpartum What is Pre-eclampsia? correct answers onset after 20 weeks of gestation with proteinuria, multisystem vasopastic, reduced organ profusion, classified as mile or severe Risk factors for PIH correct answers women younger than 20 or older than 40, african and native americans, primigravidas, obesity, multiple fetus', family history, comorbitities (diabetes), chronic hypertension, chronic renal disease A concentration of _________ mg/dl or greater in at least ___ random urine specimens is proteinuria. correct answers 30;2 Edema is not used as a marker of what? correct answers preeclampsia What is pathologic edema? correct answers generalized accumulation of fluid in the face, hands or abdomen that is not responsive to 12 hours of bed rest, rapid weight gain of more than 2 kg in 1 week If a womens last menstrual period is 5/21 when is her estimated due date? correct answers February 28th What is Leopolds maneuver? correct answers It is used to determine the baby's position and know where to place the stethescope. Left occiput anterior = correct answers Easy labor Left occiput posterior= correct answers Difficult/painful labor What is considered tachycardia for a fetus? Indicative of what? correct answers >160 bpm, indicative of maternal or fetal infection or fetal hypoxia (an ominous sign). What is considered fetal bradycardia? Indicative of? Intervention? correct answers <120 bpm, indicative of fetal hypoxia or stress and maternal hypotension after epidural initiation (place client on left side, increase fluids, and stop pitocin). OB Exam 2 Questions and Answers Latest 2024/2025 - Galen College of Nursing WHAT IS AN EARLY DECELERATION? correct answers HR SLOWS BEFORE PEAK OF CONTRACTION AND RECOVERS BY END OF CONTRACTION. (BEING EARLY IS GOOD) WHAT ARE EARLY DECELERATIONS INDICATIVE OF? correct answers HEAD COMPRESSION (NOT OMINOUS=NO INTERVENTION REQUIRED). WHAT ARE LATE DECELERATIONS? correct answers HR DECREASES AFTER PEAK OF CONTRACTION AND RECOVERS AFTER CONTRACTION ENDS. (BEING LATE IS BAD). WHAT ARE LATE DECELERATIONS INDICATIVE OF? INTERVENTIONS? correct answers FETAL STRESS AND HYPOXIA OR DEFICIENT PLACENTAL PERFUSION (CHANGE MATERNAL POSITION AND DISCONTINUE OXYTOCIN (PITOCIN)). WHAT ARE VARIABLE DECELERATIONS? correct answers TRANSIENT DECREASE IN HR ANY TIME DURING CONTRACTION. WHAT ARE VARIABLE DECELERATIONS INDICATIVE OF? INTERVENTIONS? correct answers CORD COMPRESSION (CHANGE MATERNAL POSITION-KNEE CHEST/ASS IN AIR). IF CORD IS PROTRUDING NEVER TOUCH. What is decreased variability? correct answers A smooth baseline. The baseline should vary by 10 to 15 beats every minute. The loss of short term variability can be ominous where as long term loss (20 to 40 mins) is probably not significant and can indicate a sleep cycle. What is decreased variability indicative of? correct answers Fetal sleep cycle, depressant drugs, hypoxia, or CNS anomalies. What is an acme? correct answers A peak of something What are the three different ratings for APGAR CRITERIA? correct answers 0 (POOR), 1, and 2 (BETTER). LOWEST SCORE IS A 0 AND HIGHEST IS 10. What are the different criteria for APGAR SCORING? correct answers COLOR, HR, REFLEX IRRITABILITY, MUSCLE TONE, RESPIRATORY EFFORT. What pregnancy complications are of concern in the 1st trimester? correct answers Ectopic pregnancy, abortion, incompetent cervix, and hyperemesis gravidarum) What pregnancy complications are of concern in the 3rd trimester? correct answers Placenta previa, abruptio placenta, and hypertensive disorders. What treatment should be done for ectopic pregnancy? correct answers Surgical treatment and IV FLUID What is a characteristic sign of placenta previa? correct answers painless bleeding around the 7th month What is characteristic of abruptio placentae? correct answers Tender abdomen c pain/bleeding What classifies as eclampsia? correct answers Pregnancy induced hypertension after a seizure. What preventative measures are taken for hypertensive disorders during pregnancy? correct answers No sodium intake, I&O, and elevate extremities. What is done for an incompetent cervix? correct answers Purse string procedure What is the triad of symptoms in hypertensive disorders? correct answers Edema, increased BP, and Proteinuria What should be watched with hydramnios? correct answers "Too much amniotic fluid". There is an increased risk for hemorrhage. When is Rhogam received? correct answers 1st trimester or 72 hours after childbirth What is the treatment for pregnancy induced HTN (PIH)? correct answers Bed Rest, increased protein diet, BP meds, monitor for seizures, and MgS04 if needed. When does preeclampsia usually occur? correct answers Third trimester What are the symptoms of mild preeclampsia? correct answers Hypertension (sys increase of 30 and diastolic of 15), Edema (generalized & periorbital, gain 1lb/wk in 3rd T), and Proteinuria (1gm/24 hrs, 1+ protein). What are the S&S of severe preeclampsia? correct answers Hypertension, Edema, Proteinuria, Midepigastic pain d/t liver edema, increased ICP (cerebral), visual changes, vomiting, and oliguria. What causes preeclampsia to become eclampsia? correct answers The presence of seizures. What is given to prevent or treat PIH seizures? correct answers Magnesium sulfate What will lab tests show with severe preeclampsia? correct answers HELLP= Hemolysis, Elevated Liver function tests, and Low Platelet count. What needs to be available when a patient with preeclampsia delivers and why? correct answers Blood (ABO) bc the patient will lose an increased amount of blood during delivery. Why is MAGNESIUM SULFATE given to pregnant women? correct answers To prevent seizures with the complication of pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH). What will a woman on MgS04 feel like? correct answers Sleepy bc it is a nervous system depressant. What is the antidote for MgS04? correct answers Calcium gluconate What are the S&S of MgS04 toxicity? Treatment? correct answers BURP= Blood pressure decreased, urine output decreased (<30), respirations <12, and patella reflex absent. D/C mag sulfate if see these signs. What should be done if contractions are lasting 1 1/2 mins or if side effects are presenting? correct answers STOP THE PITOCIN. If contractions are lasting that long then the baby isn't getting oxygen during that time. What are the 4 stages of labor? correct answers First (stage of cervical dilation), second (stage of expulsion), third (placental stage), and fourth (maternal homeostatic stabilization). What are the three parts of the first stage of labor? correct answers Latent (<4cm, if give drugs at this time will stop the labor), Active (Give drugs), and Transitional (>8cm) What does the 1st stage of labor (cervical dilation stage) begin and end with? correct answers Begins with onset of regular contractions and ends with complete dilation. What does the 2nd stage of labor (expulsion stage) begin and end with? correct answers Begins with complete cervical dilation and ends with delivery of the fetus. What does the 3rd stage of labor (placental stage) begin and end with? correct answers Begins immediately after fetus is born and ends when the placenta is delivered. What does the 4th stage of labor (maternal homeopathic stabilization stage) begin and end with? correct answers Begins after the delivery of the placenta and continues for one hour after delivery. Who is most likely to die from hemorrhage during labor, a women having an 11 lb. baby or a woman delivering sextuplets? correct answers The woman with the 11 lb. baby. What are the steps of a postpartum assessment? correct answers BUBBLE HE= BREAST (mastitis), UTERUS (fundus should be firm and midline several fingers above umbilicus about the size of a GRAPEFRUIT), BLADDER (distension, diuresis during 1st 2 days post), BOWEL (laxative need 3rd day should be normal), LOCHIA (no odor & appropriate type), EPIOSIOTOMY (infection & healing), HOMANS SIGN (thrombophlebitis), AND EMOTIONAL (Support). What are the 3 types of lochia and when do they occur? correct answers Rubra (dark red, 1st 3 days), Serosa (pinkish, sero-sanguinous, 3-10 days), and alba (creamy or yellowish after the 10th day and may last a week or two). What should be done if a woman is cramping after being given methergine? correct answers Nothing it is an expected outcome and means that the drug is working. How is methergine used after birth? correct answers It is used to control bleeding by promoting increased contractions and stiffening of the uterus muscles. What should be taught to a woman with mastitis? correct answers Continue to breast feed on both breasts. What should a pregnant woman be taught to do to toughen nipples? correct answers Expose to air after a feeding What should a woman who is having trouble producing milk do? correct answers Apply heating pads to the breasts What should a woman do if not breast feeding their baby to prevent engorgement? correct answers Apply ice pack to breasts and wear a tight bra What sign will the baby show that they are correctly latched to the breast? correct answers Their lips will flange