Exam (elaborations)
NRS 3015._ EXAM 02
- Module
- NTFS 2530 Exam 1
- Institution
- NTFS 2530 Exam 1
Exam of 58 pages for the course NTFS 2530 Exam 1 at NTFS 2530 Exam 1 (NRS 3015._ EXAM 02)
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NRS 3015.: EXAM 02rheumatology
CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASE major focus
- epithelial tissue, muscle mass;
NONINFLAMMATORY and INFLAMMATORY
noninflammatory rheumatology
Type of rheumatology
LOCALIZED ARTHRITIS (OSTEOARTHRITIS)
- not systemic
- not an autoimmune disease
inflammatory rheumatology
Type of rheumatology
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS;
SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS (SLE);
AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE
OA vs RA
osteoarthritis
MOST COMMON arthritis type;
PROGRESSIVE LOSS OF CARTILAGE;
JOINT PAIN
- Loss of function characterized by progressive deterioration;
OSTEOPHYTES
- bone spurs;
,CARTILAGE DISINTEGRATES, causing BONE AND CARTILAGE to "FLOAT" INTO
JOINT
- Leads to CREPITUS (cracking sound with flexion/extension of joints)
osteoarthritis age (of occurrence)
Type of arthritis that OCCURS IN THOSE OLDER THAN 60 YEARS
- Takes longer to break down the joints due to wear and tear
osteoarthritis clinical manifestations
Finds in this type of arthritis include:
JOINT PAIN AND STIFFNESS;
CREPITUS;
HEBERDEN'S NODES
- affects DISTAL JOINTS;
BOUCHARD'S NODES
- affects PROXIMAL JOINTS;
JOINT EFFUSIONS
- Fluid is MORE CLEAR;
ATROPHY OF SKELETAL MUSCLE
osteoarthritis assessments
PSYCHOSOCIAL
- Severe pain may cause depression/anxiety
- Due to inability to function properly (hold doors open, type, cannot work);
ESR & hsCRP
- ELEVATED in patients with pain, tenderness and swelling
XRAYS
- Determines joint dysfunction and monitors joint dysfunction
- Looks for CARTILAGE LOSS
ESR/erythrocyte sedimentation rate
Lab drawn to DETERMINE INFLAMMATION;
MORE CHRONIC
- more time needed for numbers to fluctuate;
,Used in arthritis lab assessments
hsCRP/high-sensitivity C-reactive protein
Lab that shows OVERALL LEVEL OF INFLAMMATION IN THE BODY;
MORE ACUTE INFLAMMATION EPISODES;
ACUTE FLUCTUATIONS;
HELPFUL for DISEASE MONITORING and DISEASE ACTIVITY;
DETERMINES THERAPY EFFECTIVENESS TO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS
CRP purpose
Inflammation test for diseases like arthritis;
USEFUL FOR DIAGNOSING OR MONITORING DISEASE ACTIVITY;
MONITORS RESPONSE TO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY THERAPY
osteoarthritis chronic pain nonsurgical management
ACETAMINOPHEN (tylenol) is the DRUG OF CHOICE;
REST;
IMMOBILIZATION;
POSITIONING;
THERMAL MODALITIES;
WEIGHT CONTROL;
INTEGRATIVE THERAPIES
- glucosamine, chondroitin
osteoarthritis chronic pain surgical management
Surgical interventions for this arthritis involve:
TOTAL JOINT ARTHROPLASTY (TJA);
TOTAL JOINT REPLACEMENT (TJR)
- knee, hip, shoulder;
ARTHROSCOPY
Process of cleaning up inflammation and removing loose cartilage;
OSTEOTOMY
Redesigning and shaping the bone to help make a fluid motion;
(OA and RA may require surgery)
, osteoarthritis postoperative care
Care after surgical procedures for this type of arthritis include:
Collaborating with patient/family to prevent complications like:
HIP DISLOCATION
- Prevent crossing lower extremities across the midline
- Can risk popping hip out of placement;
VTE;
INFECTION;
ANEMIA;
NEUROVASCULAR COMPROMISE
rheumatoid arthritis
COMMON CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASE
- Destruction to joints;
CHRONIC, PROGRESSIVE, SYSTEMIC INFLAMMMATORY IMMUNE DISEASE;
AFFECTS PRIMARILY SYNOVIAL JOINTS
- Inflammation of synovial fluid;
TRANSFORMED AUTOANTIBODIES (rheumatoid factors) FORM and ATTACK
HEALTHY TISSUE, CAUSING INFLAMMATION
RA risk factors
Risks factors for this type of arthritis include:
FEMALE (3:1 compared to males);
30 TO 60 YEARS OLD;
GENETIC PREDISPOSITION;
BACTERIAL/VIRAL INFECTION
- particularly EPSTEIN-BARR or following a COVID
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