MIDTERM EXAM - NR507 / NR 507 Advanced Pathophysiology Newest 250 GUIDE Questions and Verified Answers- Chamberlain 1. Housekeeping genes are vital to the function and maintenance of all the body's cells. What characteristic is associated with these genes Ans>> D. They are transcriptionally active. 2. Mutations in the encoding of histones modifying proteins have been shown to influence the development of what congenial condition Ans>> : Heart disease 3. Signals to change or modify epigenetic tags are ... from where Ans>> Signals come from inside the cell, from neighboring cells or the environment 4. During which stage of human development does the role of epigenetics have the greatest impact on the development of epigenetic abnormalities: Ans>> A. In utero 5. The difference between DNA sequence mutations and epigenetic modifica- tions is Ans>> Epigenetic modifications are REVERSIBLE 6. Explain the characteristics of totipotent stem cells and the sources of It : Ans>> Totipotent cells are cells that can mature into any type of body cell in an organism including the cells that make up the placenta in mammals. Totipotent cells are onl y present in mammals in the first few cell divisions of an embryo. 7. Give 2 examples of totipotent cells: Ans>> A zygote Cells in the early embyro up to 5 days 8. What is a Totipotent cell Ans>> Totipotent cells are cells that can differentiate into any type of body cell and extra embryonic tissue 9. What are the characteristics of Prader-Willi syndrome Ans>> 1. Chronic feeling of hunger (severe, even life-threatening obesity) 2. Low muscle tone 3. Short 4. Poor sex characteristic development 5. Behavioral problems 6. Poor cognitive development 10. Angelman syndrome is sometimes called "happy puppet syndrome." What are the signs of this disorder Ans>> 1. Severe mental retardation 2. No speech 3. Abnormal gait 4. Wide stance 5. Arms held out kinda weird 11. What is the most common genetic cause of Prader-Willi syndrome Ans>> A deletion of a segment of PATERNAL chromosome 15q. The maternal counter part is methylated via genomic imprinting. 12. What is the most common genetic cause of Angelman syndrome Ans>> A deletion of a segment of MATERNAL chromosome 15q. The paternal counter part is methylated via genomic imprinting.
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