Leadership and Management - Exam #1
1. Advocate 10. Diplomat
2. Buffer 11. Evaluator
3. Change Agent 12. Forecaster
4. Coach 13. Influencer
5. Communicator 14. Innovater
6. Counselor 15. Risk Taker
7. Creative Problem Solver 16. Role Model
8. Critical Thinker 17. Teacher
9 .Decision Maker 18. Visionary - ANS -Identify the 18 various roles of a leader
Planning:
Encompasses determining philosophy, goals, objectives, policies, procedures, and rule;
carrying out long- and short-range projections; determining a fiscal course of action; and
managing planned change
Organizing:
Establishing the structure to carry out plans, determining the most appropriate type of
patient care delivery, and grouping activities to meet unit goals. Other functions involve
working within the structure of the organization and understanding and using power and
authority appropriately
Staffing:
Functions consist of recruiting, interviewing, hiring, and orienting staff. Scheduling, staff
development, employee socialization, and team building are also often included as
staffing functions.
Directing:
Sometimes includes several staffing functions. However, this phase's functions usually
entail human resource management responsibilities, such as motivating, managing
conflict, delegating, communi - ANS -Identify the management process
In 1900s, management study first begin to determine what would aid efficiency
Fredrick Taylor (1911) is known as father of scientific management who developed four
principles to increase organization productivity:
(1) Perform time and motion studies and use experience workers to design how the
work was to be carried out
, (2) Utilize a formal personnel system so that hiring, training, and promotion are based
on technical competence and abilities and identify abilities and limitations of workers
(3) Use economic incentives for greater worker production. I.e.; not paying an hourly
wage, but compensation based on work accomplished
(4) Employ manager to plan, prepare, and supervise, and the worker to do the work.
In 1920s, human relations era developed concepts of participatory and humanistic
management, emphasizing people over machines
Mayo (1953) discovered that productivity was likely to increase regardless of workin -
ANS -Describe the evolution of management development
Early work focused on "Great Man Theory" asserting that some people are born to be
leaders. This theory suggests that great leaders arise when the world demands it.
Trait theories assume some people have personality characteristics and strengths that
make them better leaders and are also used today to identify potential leaders.
Both of these theories ignored the effect that the follower or situation had upon the
success of the leader.
By 1940, research indicated that many thing influences the succes of leaders including
their personal style, situation, and followers. A major breakthrough occurred when
leadership styles of authoritarian, democratic, and laissez-faire were coined.
Situational or contingency leadership theory advocated that there was no one best way
to lead and styles should vary according to the variables at hands. These researchers
believed the primary determinants of leadership style should incl - ANS -Describe the
evolution of leadership development
AUTHORITARIAN: often call autocratic leadership, emphasizes tight control and results
in well-defined actions that usually predictable, reducing frustration in the work group
and giving members a feeling of security. Productivity is usually high, but creativity,
self-motivation, and autonomy are reduced.
DEMOCRATIC: there is less control and decision making involves others. This is
appropriate for groups who work together for extended periods. This style promotes
autonomy and growth in individual workers and is particularly effective when
cooperation and coordination between groups is necessary. However, studies show this
is less efficiency than authoritarian.
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