EDEXCEL A LEVEL GEOGRAPHY
PAPER 1 June 2024 Exam Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
Natural Hazard - Answer>>A naturally occurring process or
event that has the potential to effect people.
Natural Disaster - Answer>>A major natural hazard that causes
significant social, economic and environmental change.
Vulnerability - Answer>>The ability to anticipate, cope with,
resist and recover from a natural hazard.
Resilience - Answer>>The ability to bounce back after a natural
hazard.
When does a natural hazard become a natural disaster. -
Answer>>A disaster occurs when a hazard strikes a vulnerable
population that cannot cope with the impacts using its own
resources. The scale of the disaster will depend on two factors:
1. The magnitude of the disaster
2. The vulnerability of the population
Degg's model - Answer>>A good way of portraying the
magnitude of the disaster and the vulnerability of the population
and how they interrelate. The greater the overlap the bigger the
disaster will be.
Physical causes of Haiti earthquake natural disaster -
Answer>>- Haiti sits on a fault line between North America and
Caribbean plates
- Earthquake of magnitude 7.0 near the capital.
- Liquefaction on looser soil can make foundations unstable and
collapse.
,- Shallow focus
- Epicentre close to the capital which effected country's ability to
cope.
Human causes of Haiti earthquake natural disaster - Answer>>-
Haiti is a poor country with weak governance so there is a lack of
preparation.
- Haiti has poorly constructed buildings which are likely to
collapse.
- Dense environment made it hard to recover.
- Lack of awareness of what to do
- Local people did not have adequate resources
Earthquake social primary effects - Answer>>- Deaths
- Injuries
- Homelessness
- Destruction of schools
- Destruction of hospitals
Earthquake social secondary effects - Answer>>- Loss of
livelihood
- Spreading of disease
- Prevalent mental distress
- People left without an option of recovery
Earthquake economic primary effects - Answer>>- Financial
cost of the disaster and rebuilding
- Cost of rescue services
- People left jobless
- Destruction of factories
- Destruction of crops
- Destruction of travel infrastructure
Earthquake economic secondary effects - Answer>>- Cost of
repair services
,- Prevents access from emergency services
- Less money generated for the economy to recover
- Famine
Earthquake environmental primary effects - Answer>>-
Destruction of historic landmarks
- Landslides
- Crumbling of geology
Earthquake environmental secondary effects - Answer>>-
Landslides can kill off populations and badly damage ecosystems
- Less investment in the area
- Ground is too unstable to build on
Earth structure - Answer>>The core
The mantle
The crust
Earth - The Core - Answer>>at the centre, this consists of two
parts
- The inner core
- The outer core
Earth - The inner core - Answer>>At the very centre of the
earth, and is the hottest part. It is solid and mostly consists of iron.
Earth - The outer core - Answer>>Which is semi-molten and
mostly liquid iron and nickel. Temperatures there range between
4500-6000 C
Earth - The mantle - Answer>>Surrounds the core, and is the
widest layer making up the earth. The upper part is solid but
below is molten rock - forming the asthenosphere.
, Earth - The crust - Answer>>Forms the outer shell of the earth.
Two types
- Oceanic
- Continental
Earth - Oceanic crust - Answer>>Thin, dense layer, which lines
the ocean floor. Mainly made from basalt.
Earth - Continental crust - Answer>>An older, thickest layer,
which makes up the earth's landmasses. It is less done than
oceanic crust. Mainly made from granite.
Lithosphere - Answer>>The crust and upper solid part of the
mantle - the solid layer that constitutes the tectonic plates.
Continental drift - Answer>>Wegener believed that the
continents gradually began to drift apart around 300 million years
ago.
Plate tectonic theory elements - Answer>>1. Convection
currents
2. Subduction
3. Slab pull
4. Sea floor spreading
Convection currents - Answer>>- Heat produced by the decay
of radioactive elements in the earth's core heats the lower mantle.
- This heated mantle becomes lighter and rises.
- As it rises towards the crust it cools and sinks
- This heating and cooling causes convection currents
Subduction - Answer>>- At subduction zones crust is being
destroyed
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