Edexcel A-Level History South Africa
Unit 1 June 2024 Exam Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
What was the population of South Africa in 1948? -
Answer>>Black Africans= 7.8 million
Coloureds= 900,000
Asians= 280,000
Whites= 2.3 million
What was the situation for the ethnic groups in 1948? -
Answer>>There was already strict segregation; whites were the
only group that could vote, the rights of coloured people were
protected by the 1910 constitution (disenfranchised in 1956),
Black Africans were treated as cheap slave labour and were
unable to compete for jobs
Pass Laws, 1952 - Answer>>all black migrant workers, internal
passport system, no central system until 1952
Native Land Act, 1913 - Answer>>The act decreed that whites
were not allowed to buy land from natives and vice versa. That
stopped white farmers from buying more native land, only 7% of
land applied
Urban Areas Act, 1923 - Answer>>Natives must live in
townships in white areas
Native Trusts and Lands Act, 1936 - Answer>>tribal reserves
could be extended to 13.6% of total land area (extension of 1913
Native Land Act)
What was the impact of industrialisation and urbanisation? -
Answer>>white South Africa grew more urban into the 20th
, century, growth of mining industry of gold (Transvaal, 1887) and
diamonds (Orange Free State, 1867) and precious metals, South
Africa relied on this for much of it's wealth, demand for transient
workers, remained largely agricultural
How was increasing African Urbanisation dealt with? -
Answer>>tension between desire to prevent Africans moving
into white areas and the need for cheap labour
Africans were given temporary contracts and returned to tribal
areas
1919-1939= every African male worked for a white person at
some point in their life
1940= 23% of Africans were living in urban areas as opposed to
75% of whites, 61% of coloureds and 71% of Indians
What were Townships? - Answer>>special settlements on the
fringe of areas with basic homes for Africans which were often
overcrowded and unsanitary= transient workers lived in single sex
barracks
What were the characteristics of Afrikaner culture? -
Answer>>descended from white settlers (Boers) from Holland
and Germany in the 18th-19th century and spoke Afrikaans, they
developed a culture that was separate from European and had no
"mother country".
They valued hardwork (farming), Calvinism (strict puritanical
belief), extreme racism non-whites are inferior and cursed by
God), Laager mentality (determination to proceed with apartheid
and white supremacy despite internal and international
opposition)
What was the history of Afrikaners? - Answer>>tense
relationship between them and Britain, abolished slavery in 1833
and went on the Great Trek to keep their slaves, Battle of Blood
River= 1838, basis of the belief that God gave them South Africa
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