ASCP Exam Review Hematology
Factor IX
Hemophilia B or Christmas disease deficient in factor
5 M urea related factor deficiency
Factor XIII
Factor XIII
Stabilizes the final fibrin clot. When decreases or dysfunctional, fibrin clots dissolve
when 5 M urea is present. Normally the clot would not dissolve
G6PD
Heinz bodies, spherocytes with blisters (eccentrocytes), denatured hemoglobin (low
HCT), target cells, acanthocytes, smudge cells, schistocytes
Pyruvate kinase deficiency
normocytic, normochromic anemia, poikilocytosis, anisocytosis
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA)
microcytic hypochromic anemia
Megaloblastic anemia
macrocytic, normochromic anemia with abnormal RBC development
Delta-beta thalassemia minor
Decrease in Hb A and A2. Increase in Hb F. Due to a deletion in both delta and beta
genes on chromosome 11 (prevents production of Hbs A and A2). Gamma genes on
chromosome increase production of gamma globin thus increasing Hb F.
Hydroxyurea
Sickle cell patient therapeutic agent
Test results that indicate sickle patient is in aplastic crisis
Decreased reticulocyte count. Indicates halt in RBC production
Stain for bone marrow eval
Romanowsky and Prussian blue
Chediak-Higashi syndrome
large peroxidase positive lysosomes
Plasma cells
, PLT count in iron deficiency anemia
Increased
Facts about IDA
Iron Deficiency Anemia
-most common cause of anemia in children 6 mo to 24 mo
-iron stores at birth last for 4-6mo
-adult males store iron of 1 gram and unlikely to become iron deficient in absence of
chronic bleeding
Liver disease and vitamin K deficiency
decreased bile salt synthesis leads to impaired Vit. K absorption and deficiency.
Obstructive jaundice, Vit. K deficiency results from impaired intestinal absorption
M:E ratio
Myeloid to erythroid cells
Atypical RBCs seen in peripheral smear of postsplenectomy syndrome
acanthocytes, echinocytes, target cells, spherocytes and schistocytes due to the spleen
being removed these RBCs are not filtered out of the circulation
Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)
Performed on blood cells or BM to confirm hairy cell leukemia
How are schistocytes caused in disseminated intravascular coag (DIC)
Microthrombi disposition in small vessesl:
Result of erythrocytic membrane damage due to sheering RBCs as they pass through
the fibrin mesh of clot formation in blood vessels
Also seen in TTP and HUS
None corrected aPTT due to coagulation inhibitor
No change with the addition of factors in pooled normal plasma
Beta thalassemia
A decrease in the rate of production of beta chains due to a partial or total deletion of
loci from chromosome 11 that code for the beta chain
Conditions associated with spherocytosis
Hereditary spherocytosis and autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Bart's Hemoglobin
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