Microbial Genetics: Chapter 7 - Biol 201:
Microbiology - Ivy Tech: Lawrence
Antiparallel - ANS-Double stranded DNA is __________ meaning the 5' cap of one
strand compliments the 3' cap of the other strand.
Purines - ANS-Adenine and Guanine
Pyrimidnes - ANS-Thymine, Cytosine & Uracil
Adenine, base pair, DNA - ANS-______ binds with Thymine to form a ______ in
______.
Uracil, base pair, RNA - ANS-In RNA ______ binds with Adenine to form a _____ in
_____.
Anticodon, tRNA - ANS-An ________ compliments codons and are on ________ which
connect to corresponding amino acids which it delivers to the mRNA at the ribosome for
polypeptide synthesis.
P site
A site
E site - ANS-tRNA binding sites in ribosomes. ______ holds growing polypeptide chain.
______ holds the tRNA with the next amino acid to be added to the chain. ______ is the
exit site which is the final site before the tRNA is released back into the cytosol to pick
up another amino acid.
Prokaryotic chromosomes, nucleoid - ANS-_____________ usually come in one distinct
chromosome (rarely 2) with a circular molecule of DNA localized in a region of the
cytoplasm called the _____________. The DNA is folded into loops and held in place by
proteins and RNA.
Gyrase - ANS-Enzyme that folds and supercoils prokaryotic chromosome like a skein of
yarn.
Plasmids - ANS-Small molecules of DNA that replace independently and carry
instructions, like resistance (R) ________, fertility (F) _________, virulence (V)
__________ and bacteriocin (B) __________.
, Histones - ANS-Archael DNA wraps around globular proteins are called_______.
semiconservative replication - ANS-when the daughter DNA molecule is composed of
one new strand one parental strand
Origin (ORI) - ANS-The _______ is a specific sequence of nucleotides where DNA
replication beings.
Helicase, replication fork - ANS-_________ is the enzyme that unzips the DNA during
replication by breaking the hydrogen bonds between bases exposing them in the
_______________.
DNA gyrase - ANS-__________ is the enzyme that that keeps the DNA from knotting
while it's being split.
Primase, primer - ANS-_________is the enzyme that synthesizes a short RNA molecule
called a __________, which is the 3' hydroxyl group required by DNA polymerase III.
DNA polymerase III - ANS-_______is the enzyme that covalently joins the
complimentary nucleotides to the leading strand one at a time. Adds 500-1000
nucleotides a second. Also acts as a proofreader.
DNA polymerase I - ANS-________replaces RNA primer with DNA at the end of
synthesis and proofreads short segment.
5' cap, 3' cap - ANS-DNA/RNA are always synthesized adding a _____ cap to the new
strand first complimenting the _____ cap on the parental strand.
Leading Strand, Lagging Strad - ANS-____________ is synthesized towards the
replication fork. ___________ is synthesized in fragments away from the replication
fork.
Okazaki fragments - ANS-__________ are the discontinuous pieces of DNA that are
assembled during lagging strand replication, always away from the fork from 5' towards
3'. Starts with primers.
Primase, lagging strand synthesis - ANS-______ is the enzyme that adds MULTIPLE
RNA primers in ______________.
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