HUN 1201 Shindore Exam 1 pt 2. Ch 3-4
The process by which food is broken down into the absorbable components is called
____.
A) digestion
B) absorption
C) deglutition
D) mastication - ANS-digestion
What is a bolus?
A) A food item that has passed through the small intestine into the colon
B) A portion of soft food swallowed at one time
C) A device used to analyze the contents of the stomach
D) A sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine - ANS-A portion
of soft food swallowed at one time
What structure functions to prevent entrance of food into the trachea and choking?
A) Tongue
B) Cardiac or lower esophageal sphincter
C) Epiglottis
D) Upper esophageal sphincter - ANS-Epiglottis
What is the role of a sphincter in the GI tract?
A) It stimulates enzyme production.
B) It regulates the forward directional flow of the gastrointestinal contents.
C) It is a longitudinal muscle that helps segment food.
D) It prevents the movement of food into the trachea. - ANS-It regulates the forward
directional flow of the gastrointestinal contents.
What best describes the normal pH of the stomach?
A) Very acidic
B) Slightly acidic
C) Neutral
D) Slightly alkaline - ANS-Very acidic
,One function of the pyloric sphincter is to ____.
A) secretes acid into the stomach
B) keeps the food in the stomach until it partially digested and prevents the contents of
the small intestine from backing up into the stomach
C) prevents the contents of the small intestine from emptying too quickly into the colon
D)initiates peristalsis - ANS-keeps the food in the stomach until it partially digested and
prevents the contents of the small intestine from backing up into the stomach
What is the name given to the partially digested food in the stomach?
A) Chyme
B) Gastric contents
C) Semiliquid food
D) Bolus - ANS-chyme
8) What structure separates the colon from the small intestine?
A) Pylorus
B) Ileocecal valve
C) lower sphincter
D) Sigmoid sphincte - ANS-Ileocecal valve
What is primarily absorbed from the chyme in the large intestine?
A) lipids
B) vitamins
C) fiber
D) water and electrolytes - ANS-water and electrolytes
Intestinal gas is usually produced a result of the
A) bacterial fermentation of the complex carbohydrates.
B) the action of bile.
C) stomach acid fermentation.
D) too much fat in the diet. - ANS-bacterial fermentation of the complex carbohydrates.
Which of the following is a true statement about the peristalsis?
, A) It occurs when longitudinal muscles oppose the action of transverse muscles.
B) Its rate is consistent throughout the GI tract.
C) It occurs in the small intestine but not at all in the colon. D) It is caused by alternate
tightening and relaxing of the circular and longitudinal muscles in wall of GI tract organs,
propelling the food forward - ANS-It is caused by alternate tightening and relaxing of the
circular and longitudinal muscles in wall of GI tract organs, propelling the food forward
Where do both peristalsis and segmentation occur?
A) esophagus
B) stomach
C) small intestine
D) large intestine - ANS-small intestine
The purpose of bicarbonate in the digestive process is to ____.
A) increase peristalsis
B) lower the pH of chyme making it more acidic
C) hydrolyze large peptides
D) to neutralize the acidity of the chyme and make it alkaline by raising its pH - ANS-to
neutralize the acidity of the chyme and make it alkaline by raising its pH
The function of the gallbladder is to ____.
A) store and concentrate the bile and release it when appropriate signal is received
B) produce bile
C) absorb water and salts from the chyme
D) perform the enzymatic digestion - ANS-store and concentrate the bile and release it
when appropriate signal is received
What is the function of the bile?
A) It initiates digestion of protein.
B) It emulsifies fats.
C) It enhances absorption of complex carbohydrates.
D) It stimulates the absorption of vitamins and minerals. - ANS-It emulsifies fats.
16) The compound that an enzyme has a specificity for is called the
A) product.
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