SPSY 627: Unit 2
Determinism - ANS-The presumption that the universe is a lawful and orderly place in which all
phenomena occur as the result of other events.
Empiricism - ANS-The philosophy of a science of behavior; there are various forms of
behaviorism.
Experiment - ANS-Carefully conducted comparison of some measure of the phenomena of
interest (dependent variable) under two or more different conditions in which only one factor at a
time (independent variable) differs from one condition to another.
Replication - ANS-The repeating of experiments with the intent to determine the reliability and
usefulness of experimental findings.
Parsimony - ANS-Ruling out all simple, logical explanations for the phenomena under
investigation before considering more complex, abstract explanations.
Philosophic Doubt - ANS-Requires scientists to continually question the truthfulness of what is
regarded as fact.
Ontogeny - ANS-The history of the development of an individual organism during its lifetime.
Phylogeny - ANS-The history of the natural evolution of a species.
Selection by Consequences - ANS-All forms of operant behavior, from simple to complex, are
selected, shaped, and maintained by their consequences during an individual's lifetime.
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