Galen NUR 242 Exam 3 Streb notes
GERD Risk factors include - ANS-Consumption of foods such as caffeine, alcohol, spicy or fried
foods, chocolate, and tomatoes. Lifestyle factors play a big part especially alcohol and smoking.
GERD the nursing assessment should include - ANS-asking about a history of heartburn or
atypical chest pain associated with the reflux of GI contents.
GERD manifests differently depending on - ANS-the patient and the severity of the disorder
GERD most common symptoms - ANS--Heartburn (pyrosis)
-Dyspepsia (Indigestion)
(May be described as substernal burning moving up and down the chest)
GERD pain usually develops within - ANS-30-60 minutes after meals
Severe heartburn pain can radiate to the neck, jaw, or back and patients may think they are
having an MI
GERD symptoms are exacerbated when - ANS-lying down flat or bending over
GERD regurgitation may lead to - ANS-Aspiration or bronchitis
These patients are at risk of aspirating when lying flat
Symptoms of GERD include - ANS-Coughing or wheezing at night, dysphagia, belching and
nausea, hoarseness, and insomnia. Assess lungs for presence of crackles.
Hiatal Hernia - ANS-A condition where a part of the stomach that normally is located in the
abdominal cavity protrudes through the esophageal hiatus to rest within the chest cavity
Hiatal Hernia symptoms usually worsen after meals. These symptoms may be made worse
when - ANS-Lying flat and may resolve with sitting up or walking.
Hiatal Hernia patients should immediately report - ANS-abdominal pain with nausea, vomiting,
and fever
Hiatal Hernia lifestyle changes may include - ANS-elevating the head of the bed when sleeping
to allow gravity to prevent acid from refluxing into the esophagus and remaining upright after
meals.
, Hiatal hernia Diet should consist of - ANS-small frequent meals instead of eating two or three
larger meals a day. Avoid vigorous movement after meals.
Hiatal hernia foods that should be avoided include - ANS-spicy, greasy foods, onions, tomatoes
and citrus fruits
Gastritis occurs when - ANS-the lining of the stomach known as the mucosa becomes inflamed
or swollen. When the stomach mucosa becomes inflamed edema, hemorrhage and erosion of
the mucosa occur.
Medical treatment for Gastritis depends on the specific cause. Patients will be instructed to stop
taking irritating medications such as - ANS-ASA and NSAIDS
Gastritis medications to decrease the amount of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. these would
include - ANS-Antacids, H2 antagonists, and Proton pump inhibitors
The patient with Gastritis is at risk for - ANS-Deficient Fluid Volume
A nursing priority is to access the patient's hydration status. Includes I&O, Daily Weights, &VS.
Peptic Ulcers Disease - ANS-are a break in the mucous lining of gastrointestinal tract from
continued contact with gastric juice. This results in inflammation. Pain that is worsened by the
ingestion of food.
Ulcers in the mucosa of GI tract occur from several different causes. Duodenal ulcers are
associated with a - ANS-H. Pylori infection
Gastric ulcer pain is described as - ANS-a dull, aching pain, often right after a meal; eating does
not relieve pain and may even worsen it. Pain may also occur late at night.
Other symptoms associated with PUD are - ANS-Nausea with or without vomiting, weight loss,
anorexia, belching and dyspepsia (indigestion). Patient may report a distended abdomen that is
painful.
PUD increased risk factor in - ANS-Smokers
smoking contributes to the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease. Smoking causes an
acceleration of gastric emptying of liquids, promotes of duodenogastric reflux and causes a
reduction in mucosal blood flow. Patient should attend a smoking cessation course.
Gastric Cancer - ANS-Stomach cancers tend to develop slowly over many years. Before a true
cancer develops, pre-cancerous changes often occur in the inner lining (mucosa) of the
stomach. These early changes rarely cause symptoms and therefore often go undetected
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