HIEU 201 Exam 2
Cassiodorus - ANS-490-583. Christian in the court of Theodoric with Boethius. Wrote history of
the goths, merged monastic tradition with preservation of scholarship. said monks should
preserve classical literature, preserved it himself.
Cause of the first crusade - ANS-The Turkish Muslims were not allowing Christians to visit the
holy sites in Jerusalem
Charlemagne - ANS-Through a series of military conquests he established the Carolingian
Empire, which encompassed all of Gaul and parts of Germany and Italy. Illiterate, though started
an intellectual revival.
Church Fathers - ANS-Clement, Ignatius, Polycarp, Justin Martyr, Ambrose
Differences between Sunni and Shia - ANS-Sunnis believe Abu Baker was the rightful
successor to Muhammad. Shia believe Ali is the rightful successor.
Feudalism - ANS-A political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that legally
belong to their king, in exchange for their loyalty, military service, and protection of the people
who live on the land
Five Good Emperors - ANS-Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, Marcus Aurelius
Five Pillars of Islam - ANS-Declaration of faith, prayer, alms, fasting, and pilgrimage
Greek Fire - ANS-Byzantine weapon consisting of mixture of chemicals that ignited when
exposed to water; utilized to drive back the Arab fleets that attacked Constantinople
How did Christianity come to dominate the Roman Empire? - ANS-Constantine made
Christianity the official religion of the empire and it outlasted the empire.
How many crusades were there? - ANS-nine
How were Christians and Jews treated under Muslim rule. - ANS-They were allowed to worship
as they pleased but weren't allowed to hold office and had to pay higher taxes.
Jesus' ministry - ANS-To serve and not to be served
Jihad - ANS-A holy struggle or striving by a Muslim for a moral or spiritual or political goal
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