HIEU 201 EXAM#2
5 Pillars of Islam - ANS-belief, prayer, charity, fasting, pilgrimage
Cassidorus - ANS-a Roman statesman, renowned scholar of antiquity, and writer serving in the
administration of Theodoric the Great, king of the Ostrogoths.
Church Fathers - ANS-Clement, Polycarp, Ignatius, Origen
Difference between Sunni and Shia - ANS-The Shia only accepted rulers were from the line of
Muhammad while the Sunni accepted the Umayyads as rulers or caliphs.
Five Good Emperors - ANS-Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, Marcus Aurelius
Fuedalism - ANS-A political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that legally
belong to a king in return for loyalty and military service
Greek Fire - ANS-Byzantine weapon consisting of mixture of chemicals that ignited when
exposed to water; utilized to drive back the Arab fleets that attacked Constantinople
How did the first crusade begin - ANS-In response to new Muslim invasions, the Byzantine
emperor asked for military help from the pope, who instead issued a general call to arms to
conquer the Holy Land.
How many crusades were there? - ANS-8
How were Christians and jews treated under Muslim rule - ANS-kindness, peace and tolerance
very accepting of them
Jihad - ANS-A holy struggle or striving by a Muslim for a moral or spiritual or political goal
Justinian - ANS-Byzantine emperor in the 6th century A.D. who reconquered much of the
territory previously ruler by Rome, initiated an ambitious building program , including Hagia
Sofia, as well as a new legal code
Justinian's lasting achievement - ANS-Extended the Byzantine Empire drastically
Key actions of Charlemagne reign - ANS-expanded kingdom beyond frankish kingdom, became
king in pavia,
Mohammed - ANS-Founder of Islam, prophet of Allah.
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