If the capillary plasma hydrostatic pressure increases, what happens to the movement
of fluid out of the capillary?
a. increases
b. decreases - increases
Why would an intravenous infusion of albumin help resolve the edema related to liver
failure?
a. It would increase the plasma oncotic pressure
b. It would increase in tissue oncotic pressure
c. It would increase the plasma hydrostatic pressure
d. It would increase the tissue hydrostatic pressure - It would increase the plasma
oncotic pressure
Which of the following is the best explanation for the development of non-pitting
edema?
a. an increase in capillary permeability
b. an increase in plasma oncotic pressure
c. sodium and water retention
d. an increase in tissue hydrostatic pressure - an increase in capillary permeability
If the lymphatic channels are obstructed, which of the following pressures would
increase initially?
a. plasma oncotic pressure
b. tissue oncotic pressure
c. plasma hydrostatic pressure
d. none of the above - tissue oncotic pressure
A patient has a kidney disease, which results in a loss of protein in the urine. This
disease is characterized by edema, which results from which of the following?
a. increased plasma hydrostatic pressure
b. increased tissue oncotic pressure
c. decreased plasma oncotic pressure
d. decreased tissue hydrostatic pressure - decreased plasma oncotic pressure
Your patient has an obstruction of the lymphatic duct, which returns lymph fluid from the
legs. This will result in which of the following?
, a. localized, non-pitting edema
b. generalized, non-pitting edema
c. localized, pitting edema
d. generalized, pitting edema - localized, non-pitting edema
Your grandmother wears garters (circular bands of elastic) below her knees to keep her
stockings from falling down. At the end of the day, her lower legs and feet are swollen.
This is due to:
a. increased plasma hydrostatic pressure.
b. increased plasma oncotic pressure.
c. decreased plasma oncotic pressure.
d. decreased plasma hydrostatic pressure. - increased plasma hydrostatic pressure
In which of the following types of fluid volume deficit does water volume remain normal?
a. isotonic FVD
b. hypotonic FVD
c. hypertonic FVD
d. none of the above - none of the above
The phenomenon of third space fluid shifting involves which of the following?
a. iso-osmolar fluid shifts into body cavities or potential spaces
b. the three types of fluid volume deficits
c. hypo-osmolar fluid shifts into the extracellular fluid
d. iatrogenic fluid shifts into the lymphatic system - iso-osmolar fluid shifts into body
cavities or potential spaces
Which of the following is a potential outcome of isotonic fluid excess?
a. cell swelling
b. cerebral edema
c. water intoxication
d. heart failure - heart failure
Third-space fluid accumulation may occur in which of the following?
a. peritoneal space
b. pleural space
c. interstitial space
d. all of the above - all of the above
A patient with hypotonic fluid volume excess would be expected to show which of the
following?
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