MCAT Organic Chemistry Questions and
Answers | Latest Update | 2024/2025 |
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What is the typical product of a Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction?
The typical product of a Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction is an alkyl-substituted benzene.
How does the inductive effect influ...
What is the typical product of a Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction?
✔✔The typical product of a Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction is an alkyl-substituted benzene.
How does the inductive effect influence the acidity of a carboxylic acid?
✔✔The inductive effect of electronegative substituents increases the acidity of a carboxylic acid
by stabilizing the carboxylate anion formed after deprotonation.
What is the primary difference between an SN1 and an SN2 reaction mechanism?
✔✔The primary difference is that SN1 reactions involve a carbocation intermediate and occur in
two steps, while SN2 reactions involve a single step with a simultaneous bond formation and
bond breaking.
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,What is the result of treating a ketone with a Grignard reagent?
✔✔Treating a ketone with a Grignard reagent typically yields a tertiary alcohol after the
Grignard reagent adds to the carbonyl carbon.
How do you determine the configuration of a chiral center using the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog priority
rules?
✔✔To determine the configuration of a chiral center, assign priorities to the substituents based
on atomic number, arrange them to view the lowest priority group in the back, and then
determine if the sequence of the remaining groups is clockwise (R) or counterclockwise (S).
What is the primary feature of a cyclic compound?
✔✔A cyclic compound features a ring structure where the carbon atoms are connected to form a
closed loop.
How does the presence of a conjugated system affect the stability of a molecule?
2
,✔✔A conjugated system, where alternating double and single bonds allow for delocalized
electrons, increases the stability of a molecule due to resonance stabilization.
What is the result of the reaction between an amine and an acid chloride?
✔✔The reaction between an amine and an acid chloride typically produces an amide and
hydrochloric acid.
What type of reaction is a Diels-Alder reaction?
✔✔A Diels-Alder reaction is a cycloaddition reaction that forms a cyclic compound by
combining a diene and a dienophile.
What is the effect of introducing a bulky group near a functional group in a reaction?
✔✔Introducing a bulky group near a functional group can hinder reaction progress due to steric
hindrance, which makes it difficult for the reactants to approach or interact.
What is the primary product of an E2 elimination reaction?
3
, ✔✔The primary product of an E2 elimination reaction is an alkene.
What is the role of a nucleophile in a nucleophilic substitution reaction?
✔✔In a nucleophilic substitution reaction, the nucleophile donates a pair of electrons to replace a
leaving group on the substrate molecule.
What is the difference between a ketone and an aldehyde?
✔✔A ketone has a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to two carbon atoms, whereas an aldehyde has
a carbonyl group bonded to one carbon atom and one hydrogen atom.
What is the mechanism of a SN1 reaction?
✔✔The SN1 reaction mechanism involves the formation of a carbocation intermediate after the
leaving group departs, followed by the nucleophile attacking the carbocation.
What is the effect of adding a strong acid to an alcohol?
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