NSG 251 Pharmacology Final Exam –
With Questions & All Correct Answers
(Expert Rated A+)
Conceptial Researchers 2024 conceptialresearchers@gmail.com
, NSG 251 Pharmacology Final Exam –
With Questions & All Correct Answers
(Expert Rated A+)
General nursing implications for antidepressants - ANSWER - -Therapeutic effects-
2-4 weeks
-Assess depression, suicide precautions
-Encourage diet and exercise (helps increase serotonin)
-Watch w/ children and adolescents (significant risk for suicide)
-Recommend counseling, support groups
1st Generation and 2nd Generation antipsychotics - ANSWER - 1st Gen = "typical"
agents
-Phenothiazines
-Nonphenothiazines
2nd gen = new
-Nonphenothiazines
Phenothiazines - ANSWER - -Actions - occupy or block dopamine receptors
-Use - schizophrenia, acute mania, psychotic depression, N & V
chloropromazine (Thorazine) - prototype
fluphenazine (Prolixin)
trifluoperazine (Stelazine)
-Caution - elderly
-Adverse - excessive sedation, slurred speech, impaired mental processes
---Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) - akathisia, parkinsonism, dyskinesias, tardive
dyskinesia
Nursing implications for phenothiazines - ANSWER - Assess behavior
Watch for adverse effects
Photosensitivity
Safety
Phenergan - highly sedative (used for N/V)
Extrpyramidal Symptoms (EPS) - ANSWER - Akathisia, parkinsonism, dyskinesias,
tardive dyskinesia
* Very rigid, bizarre movements, similar to Parkinson's, tongue out
-Risk with the older drugs (1st Gen)
Nonphenothiazines - typical - ANSWER - Used to control symptoms of schizophrenia
haloperidol (Haldol) - prototype, po, IM
-Adverse -seizures, ↓BP, EPS symptoms, EKG changes
-EPS symptoms in newborns born to mothers taking Haldol in their last trimester
-Give deep IM
, Nonphenothiazines - atypical - ANSWER - Use: for newly diagnosed schizophrenia
clozapine (Clozaril) -prototype
risperidone (Risperdal)
olanzapine (Zyprexa)
-Adverse: agranulocytosis, hyperglycemia, weight gain
-Higher rate of compliance due to less adverse effects
-Costly
What to monitor w/ clozapine (Clozaril) - ANSWER - Need to monitor WBC (d/t
agranulocytosis)--Pharmacist will check labs before giving prescription- registration
Cephalosporin uses - ANSWER - Bactericidal(kills bacteria), Inhibit cell wall
synthesis, Broad spectrum, Gram + /-(depending on generation) 5 generations of
drugs( as the go up in number they become more Gram- effective)
--surgical prophylaxis- SCIP, UTI, PCN resistant gonorrhea
Cephalosporin adverse - ANSWER - cross sensitivity w/ PCN, GI symptoms
-->Take most w/ food
Cephalosporin drugs + uses for specific ones - ANSWER - cefazolin (Kefzol) - IV, 1st
generation,
cephalexin (Keflex) po
cefuroxime (Zinacef), 2nd generation
ceftriaxone (Rocephin), 3rd generation- ghonorrhea use
cefepime (Maxipime) 4th generation
ceftaroline (Teflaro) 5th generation: used for MRSA and Gram (-) infections
Carbapenem uses - ANSWER - Broad spectrum, bactericidal, Inhibit cell wall
synthesis
-- used in staph, E. coli (complicated body cavity/connective tissue infections)
Carbapenem adverse - ANSWER - Drug induced seizures( in children, rare), related
to PCN so check allergies
Carbapenem drug - ANSWER - imipenem cilastatin (Primaxin), IV
Macrolides uses - ANSWER - Bacteriostatic, bactericidal in large doses, Inhibit
protein synthesis
-- used in staph, strep, gonorrhea and chlamydia, URI
Macrolides adverse - ANSWER - GI, N/V, GI bleed
Macrolides drugs - ANSWER - erythromycin (E-mycin)
azithromycin (Zithromax)
Tetracycline uses - ANSWER - Broad spectrum, bacteriostatic, Gram +/- organisms
-- Used for H pylori, chlamydia, PID, acne, syphilis
