NUR 2474 Rasmussen Pharm Quiz Module 5 (Diuretics,
RAAS Drugs, Cardiac Drugs, HF, Hypertension,
Dysrhythmias)-Q&A
What things should we monitor when giving a patient any diuretic? Right
Ans - electrolyte imbalances and for fluid volume deficit (sodium- seizures
and cerebral edema, potassium- can cause EKG changes)
When is the best time to give a diuretic medication? Right Ans - in the
morning, so the patient does not have to get up at night to go pee.
How do all diuretics work? Right Ans - Blocks sodium and chloride
reabsorption in the kidney, causing water, sodium and chloride to be excreted
in the urine from the body, along with potassium.
What are diuretics normally used to treat? Right Ans - fluid volume
overload, hypertension, heart failure, renal and liver failure, lowers peripheral
edema and pulmonary edema
What are osmotic diuretics used to treat? Right Ans - renal failure, reduce
ICP, treat cerebral edema, reduce IOP.
What are the side effects of osmotic diuretics? Right Ans - pulmonary
edema,HF, rebound increased ICP, metabolic acidosis, electrolyte imbalances
What is the mechanism of action of osmotic diuretics? Right Ans - they pull
water into the renal system from the surrounding tissues, and produces rapid
diuresis.
What are important drug interactions with osmotic diuretics? Right Ans -
lithium and digoxin - can be toxic
What should we use when administering an osmotic diuretic through the IV?
Right Ans - filter- this medication can crystalize when exposed to lower
temperatures.
, What is the mechanism of action for K sparing diuretics? Right Ans - binds
to aldosterone receptors to promote Na and water excretion, but will also
cause potassium to be retained.
What are K sparing diuretics used to treat? Right Ans - hypertension, HF,
pediatric HF, hyperaldosteronism ( binds to aldosterone to excrete it), edema
What are the side effects for K sparing diuretics? Right Ans - hyperkalemia,
drowsiness, benign and malignant tumors, endocrine effects
What is important to monitor with the use of K sparing diuretics? Right
Ans - K levels- because hyperkalemia may occur and cause life threading
dysrhythmias
What are important drug interactions with use of K sparing diuretics?
Right Ans - thiazide and loop diuretics, agents that raise the potassium levels,
lithium, RAAS drugs
What is the mechanism of action for thiazide diuretics? Right Ans - they
inhibit reabsorption of sodium, chloride, potassium and water, causing them
to be excreted. they also elevate levels of calcium, uric acid, and glucose.
What population of patients should we not use thiazide diuretics with?
Right Ans - patients with renal disease
What is thiazide diuretics used to treat? Right Ans - 1st choice for
hypertension, edema, HF, diabetes insipidous
What are the side effects of thiazide diuretics? Right Ans - hypo na, cl, k,
and dehydration, hyper glycemic and uricemia,
What are important drug interactions with use of thiazide diuretics? Right
Ans - digoxin, lithium, antihypertensives- causes a additive effect
What is the mechanism of action for loop diuretics? Right Ans - acts on the
ascending loop of Henle's to block sodium and chloride reabsorption, causing
excretion
