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Exam (elaborations)

Galen NUR 210 Pharmacology Exam 1 Questions and Answers (100% Pass)

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  • Module
  • NUR 210
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  • NUR 210

Pharmacokinetics The process in which medications move through the body What are the 4 phases of pharmacokinetics? absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion Absorption happens with drug movement from the GI tract into the bloodstream. Most meds are taken by mouth. Oral absorption ...

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  • October 12, 2024
  • 57
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • NUR 210
  • NUR 210
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1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+




Galen NUR 210 Pharmacology
Exam 1 Questions and Answers
(100% Pass)
Pharmacokinetics


✓ The process in which medications move through the body




What are the 4 phases of pharmacokinetics?


✓ absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion




Absorption


✓ happens with drug movement from the GI tract into the bloodstream.

Most meds are taken by mouth.




Oral absorption


✓ Takes awhile to get absorbed because it has to go through the GI

system




Usually takes 2-4 hours


•Enteric coated


aspirin - hard on stomach

Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+

can not crush pill


•Extended release


absorbed in the small intestine




IM absorption


✓ Absorbed 1-2 hours




IV absorption


✓ Absorbed 30-60 minutes




dissolution


✓ Dissolution happens when a po medication breaks down into particles,

disintegrates, and dissolves to combine with liquid so absorption from

the GI tract into the bloodstream occurs.

Liquid medications are absorbed faster than solids. Food can interfere with

the absorption of drugs.




Drugs that resist dissolution




Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+

✓ Parenteral medications (SL, eyedrops, inhalants, transdermal) do not

pass through the GI tract.

Enteric coated medications are designed to resist disintegration until the pill

reaches the small intestine. EC and sustained release meds should not be

crushed.




Factors that affect absorption


✓ •Lack of muscle and increased fat changes medicine absorption

•Food consumption - will change medicine potency (delayed)


•Stress - Exercise, medicine goes to muscle


•pH - Medicine is made for acidic environments


•Antacid changes absorption


•Taken alone so it doesn't change the action




Excipients


✓ Fillers and other substances that make up tablets as a pill is not 100%

drug.

Sometimes an excipient enhances the absorption of a drug such as with PCN,

which is not well absorbed from the GI tract.


Adding Na to PCN, which makes it penicillin sodium, will increase the

absorption of PCN

Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+




first pass effect


✓ •the oral drugs go to liver via portal vein where some of the drug

becomes inactive

•Only happens with oral medications




delayed gastric emptying


✓ Food doesn't move like it should




Distribution


✓ refers to the movement of the drug from the circulation to body tissues




Factors affecting distribution


✓ -blood flow to tissues

-protein binding


-blood brain barrier


-drug's affinity to the tissue




protein binding




Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update

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