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NUR4271 Midterm Sickle Cell Disease & Cystic Fibrosis Exam
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NUR4271 Midterm Sickle Cell Disease & CysticFibrosis Exam
Autosomal recessive - ANSWER Which type of genetic disease is sickle cell disease?
-Effects hemoglobin's shape, often referred to a S hemoglobin/Sickle hemoglobin and
effects it's function
- hemoglobin is crescent shaped or "sickle shaped"
-the sickle shape does not allow for flexibility regarding movement throughout the body
and creates a barrier for optimal blood flow throughout the body - ANSWER Sickle cell
disease characteristics:
-SCD occurs among about 1 out of every 365 Black or African-American births.
•SCD occurs among about 1 out of every 16,300 Hispanic-American births.
•About 1 in 13 Black or African-American babies is born with sickle cell - ANSWER Who
is most affected by sickle cell disease?
Caucasian - ANSWER Even though it's less likely ______ people can have SCD too
-Diagnosed through genetic testing and blood test
-CBC
-Prenatal testing-sample of amniotic fluid (8-10 weeks of pregnancy)
-Newborn screening heel prick - ANSWER Secondary prevention for SCD
Genetic testing and blood test - ANSWER How is SCD diagnosed
, -Pain
●Yellowish color of the skin and whites of the eyes
●Fatigue/fussiness
●Painful swelling of the hands and feet
●Exertional dyspnea
●Anemia
-Fatigue - ANSWER Early signs and symptoms of SCD:
-Pain
●Leg ulcers
●Pulmonary hypertension
●Splenic sequestration crisis
○Acute, painful enlargement of the spleen
●Chronic kidney disease
●Increased susceptibility to infection
●Organ damage due to lack of perfusion - ANSWER Late signs and symptoms of SCD
It dilated the blood vessel to widen the pathway for the cells - ANSWER Why do hot
packs help with pain in SCD?
Pain levels
•IV hydration
•Peripheral vascular changes
•Lab values
• Hemoglobin-client has 80-100% Hemoglobin S (does not change in crisis)
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