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Fisdap Unit Exam: Medical Emergencies Questions and Answers (Verified by Expert)2025/2026
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Fisdap Unit Exam: Medical Emergencies Questions and Answers (Verified by Expert)2025/2026
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Fisdap Unit Exam: Medical EmergenciesAbsorbed and floor contact poisons - ANS-corrosive substances will damage the pores and
skin, mucous membranes, eyes, reason chemical burns, rashes, or lesions,.
Acids/alkalis, petroleum (hydrocarbon) products are unfavourable to the pores and skin and
external tissue.
Distinguish among touch burns and make contact with absorption
records of exposure, liquid or powder on affected person skin, burns, itching, infection, redness
of skin, odors of substance.
Avoid contaminating yourself and others
eliminate substance from the patient as speedy as possible
dispose of all contaminated cothes
brush off dry powdery materials, flood/flush with water 15-20 minutes. Use soap.
Irrigate eyes quick: make sure the fluid runs from the bridge of the nose outward, provoke on
scene and retain at some stage in delivery; hold the patient eyes open.
Abused inhalants - ANS-produce similar consequences as sedative hypnotics. Called huffing.
Acetone, toluene, xylenes, hexanes: observed in glues, cleaning compounds, paint thinners,
lacquers, gas, halogenated hydrocarbons (freon), and so forth utilized in aerosol sprays.
In brief displace O2 in the brain and purpose a hurry of euphoria
very near effective and lethal dose, very dangerous. Long term use can lead to permanent brain
damage.
Mild drowsiness, coma, seizures, loss of brain characteristic
halogenated hydrocarbon solvents could make the heart hypersensitive to adrenaline and
trigger v-fib, main to cardiac death. Even strolling can also release enough adrenaline to reason
deadly ventricular dysrhythmia. Keep affected person from suffering or exerting themselves.
Give O2 and use a stretcher to move the affected person. Right away transport.
Activated charcoal - ANS-binds precise pollution and forestalls absorption, toxins leave the
frame in stool.
,Now not indicated/ineffective with alkali, cyanide, ethanol, iron, lithium, methanol, mineral acids,
or organic solvent poisons.
If affected person has decreased LOC or can not shield their airway (no gag reflex), do no
longer give activated charcoal.
Premixed suspension bottles typically comprise up to 50g of activated charcoal.
Usual dose for adult or child is 1g consistent with kg of body weight.
Average in adults in 30-100g, average in kids is 15-30g for children younger than age thirteen.
Constantly obtain approval from scientific control.
Best if used within 1 hour of ingestion.
Shake the bottle vigorously to combine the suspension after patient rights and medical control
looks like mud so cowl it up, have affected person drink with a straw
blend as had to preserve it suspended.
Report any refusal
influences encompass constipation, black stools, vomiting (and then dose must be repeated),
be prepared for vomiting, nausea, and feasible airway situations
use a big plastic garbage bag to dangle on the affected person as a bib.
Agitation - ANS-a conduct characterised with the aid of restless and abnormal physical acitivity.
Air embolism - ANS-the presence of air bubbles inside the veins that can lead to cardiac arrest if
they enter the heart: most risky and common emergency in scuba diving
can occur in a dive as shallow as 6 toes (2 meters)
regularly while diver holds breath all through rapid ascent and air stress inside the lungs
remains excessive whilst external strain at the chest decreases, permitting air inside the lungs to
extend rapidly and alveoli to rupture. Can cause:
pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum (area that includes the heart and excellent vessels), air in
the blood move.
, Blotching (mottling of the pores and skin), froth at nose and mouth, severe ache in muscle
groups/joints/stomach, dyspnea, chest ache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, dysphasia, cough,
cyanosis, trouble with imaginative and prescient, paralysis and/or coma, irregular pulse and
cardiac arrest
alcohol - ANS-can harm the liver
1/10 deaths in US adults is resulting from excessive ingesting
binge use has elevated extra than 17% seeing that 2005.
CNS depressant -- a sedative and hypnotic
dulls awareness, slows reflexes, reduces reaction time; may additionally reason competitive and
beside the point conduct, lack of coordination.
A person who seems intoxicated might also have other scientific troubles. Look for signs of
head trauma, intellectual illness, toxic reactions, out of control diabetes
extreme acute alcohol intake may additionally purpose hypoglycemia
assume all intoxicated sufferers have a drug overdose and transport straight away with ABC
help.
Alcohol will increase the outcomes of different drugs. OTC tablets (antihistamines, weight loss
program meds) can motive critical complications whilst excited by alcohol.
Beware of DTs
anticholinergic retailers - ANS-medications that block parasympathetic nerves
OD: warm as a hare, blind as a bat, dry as a bone, pink as a beet, mad as a hatter: -->
hyperthermia, dilated scholars, dry skin and membranes, reddened skin, agitation, delirium
atropine, antihistamines (diphenhydramine -- benadryl, datura stramonium -- jimson weed),
tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline -- elavil)
generally now not abused except jimsonweed.
Tough to differentiate anticholinergic od vs sympathomimetic od -- each gift with agitation,
tachycardia, and dilated scholars.
Seizure and death from tricyclic antidepressant OD can occur within half-hour: transport right
now. Cardiac dysrhythmias are common
call ALS while en route.
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