DIABETES MEDS EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED 2024/2025 LATEST UPDATE
A client with diabetes mellitus taking daily Humulin N insulin has been started on therapy with dexamethasone (Decadron). The nurse anticipates that which adjustments in medication dosage will be made?
1. A c...
A client with diabetes mellitus taking daily Humulin N insulin has been started on
therapy with dexamethasone (Decadron). The nurse anticipates that which adjustments
in medication dosage will be made?
1. A change to oral diabetic medications
2. An increased dose of Humulin N insulin
3. An increase in the amount of daily dietary calories
4. A lower dose of dexamethasone (Decadron) than usual - Answer- 2. An increased
dose of Humulin N insulin
The nurse monitors the blood glucose level of the client who received Humulin N insulin
at 7 am with an understanding that the client may experience a hypoglycemic reaction
during which time frame?
1. 9 am to 11 am
2. 11 am to 7 pm
3. 7 pm to 11 pm
4. Midnight to 6 am - Answer- 2. 11 am to 7 pm
The nurse evaluates that the family of a client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus
correctly understands the reason for having glucagon on hand for emergency home use
if the family indicates that the purpose of the medication is to treat which complication?
1. Diabetic ketoacidosis
2. Hypoglycemia from insulin overdose
3. Hyperglycemia from insufficient insulin
4. Hyperglycemia occurring on "sick days" - Answer- 2. Hypoglycemia from insulin
overdose
A client with a history of coronary artery disease has developed diabetes insipidus as a
result of cranial surgery. The client's medication therapy will include vasopressin
(Pitressin). The nurse monitors this client most carefully for which sign/symptom that
indicates an adverse effect of this medication?
1. Depression
2. Chest pain
3. Joint stiffness
4. Nagging cough - Answer- 2. Chest pain
, A client who has sustained an eye injury has been prescribed prednisolone. The nurse
would most carefully monitor for side/adverse effects of this medication if the client has
which health problem listed on the medical record?
1. Cirrhosis
2. Hypertension
3. Diabetes mellitus
4. Chronic constipation - Answer- 3. Diabetes mellitus
A nurse is administering a prescribed dose of dexamethasone (Decadron) to a client
following cranial surgery. Which would the nurse implement to assess for a common
side effect of this medication?
1. Monitor for hair loss.
2. Assess for decreased skin turgor.
3. Perform blood glucose monitoring.
4. Monitor laboratory test results for hyperkalemia. - Answer- 3. Perform blood glucose
monitoring.
The client newly diagnosed with diabetes asks why he is always so thirsty. What is the
nurse's best response?
A. "The extra glucose in the blood increases the blood sodium level, which increases
your sense of thirst."
B. "Without insulin, glucose is excreted rather than used in the cells. The loss of glucose
directly triggers thirst, especially for sugared drinks."
C. "The extra glucose in the blood makes the blood thicker, which then triggers thirst so
that the water you drink will dilute the blood glucose level."
D. "Without insulin, glucose combines with blood cholesterol, which damages the
kidneys, making you feel thirsty even when no water has been lost." - Answer- C. "The
extra glucose in the blood makes the blood thicker, which then triggers thirst so that the
water you drink will dilute the blood glucose level."
Rationale:
The movement of glucose into cells is impaired, and the resulting high blood glucose
levels increase the osmolarity of the blood. This increased osmolarity stimulates the
osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus, triggering the thirst reflex. In response, the person
drinks more water (not sugary fluids or hyperosmotic fluids), which helps dilute blood
glucose levels and reduces blood osmolarity.
Why is controlling blood glucose levels important?
A. High blood glucose levels increase the risk for heart disease, strokes, blindness, and
kidney failure.
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