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AP Psychology - Unit 5 Cognition Guide Review Questions and Complete Answers latest

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the persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information - memory A measure of memory in which the person must retrieve information learned earlier, as on a fill-in-the-blank test. - Recall a measure of memory in which the person need only identify items previousl...

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  • November 18, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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AP Psych Unit 5 - Cognition Review
Questions with complete answers
The persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of
information. - ✔✔memory


A measure of memory in which the person must retrieve information learned
earlier, as on a fill- in-the-blank test. - ✔✔recall


A measure of memory in which the person need only identify items previously
learned, as on a multiple-choice test. - ✔✔recognition


A measure of memory that assesses the amount of time saved when learning
material again. - ✔✔relearning


The process of information into the memory system-for example, by
extracting meaning. - ✔✔encoding


The retention of encoded information over time. - ✔✔storage


The process of getting information out of memory storage. - ✔✔retrieval


The immediate, very brief recording of sensory information in the memory
system. - ✔✔sensory memory


Activated memory that holds a few items briefly, such as seven digest in a
phone number while dialing, before the information is stored of forgotten. -
✔✔short-term memory


The relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system.
Includes knowledge, skills, and memory. - ✔✔long-term memory

,A newer understanding of short-term memory that focuses on conscious,
active processing of incoming auditory and visual-spacial information, and of
information retrieved from long term memory. - ✔✔working memory


The memory of facts and experiences that one can consciously know and
"declare". - ✔✔explicit memory


Encoding that requires attention and conscious effort. - ✔✔effortful
processing


Unconscious encoding of incidental information, such as space, time, and
frequency, and of well-learned information, such as word meanings. -
✔✔automatic processing


Retention independent of conscious recollection. - ✔✔implicit memory


A momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli; a photographic or
picture-image memory lasting no more than a few tenths of a second. -
✔✔iconic memory


A momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli; if attention is elsewhere,
sounds and words can still be recalled within 3 or 4 seconds. - ✔✔echoic
memory


Organizing items into familiar, manageable units; often occurs automatically.
- ✔✔chunking


Memory aids, especially those techniques that use vivid imagery and
organizational devices. - ✔✔mnemonics

, The tendency for distributed or practice to yield better long-term retention
than is achieved through massed study or practice. - ✔✔spacing effect


Enhanced memory after retrieving, rather than simply reading, information. -
✔✔testing effect


Encoding on a basic level based on the structure or appearance of words. -
✔✔shallow processing


Encoding semantically, based on the meaning of the word; tends to yield the
best retention. - ✔✔deep processing


A neural center located in the limbic system; helps process explicit
memories for storage. - ✔✔hippocampus


A clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event. -
✔✔flashbulb memory


An increase in a cell's firing potential after brief, rapid stimulation. Believed
to be a neural basis for learning and memory. - ✔✔long-term potentiation


The activation, often unconsciously, of a particular associations in memory. -
✔✔priming


The Tendency to Recall experiences that are consistent with ones current
good or bad mood. - ✔✔mood-congruent memory


Our tendency to recall best the last and first items in a list - ✔✔serial
position effect


the inability to form new memories - ✔✔anterograde amnesia

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