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Summary Politics notes
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- The University Of Kent (UKC)
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Politics & International Relations;Politics;
1, Art of Government
Highly intuitive,
solely on government institutions:
executives, legislators, judiciary,
Associated with:
gov. departments, civil servant, lobbyists
Outcome- policy
{focus on political figures becoming general representatives in
politics}
Public, government
Private, autonomous bodies
Problem, political focus on figures, then everything else must be
non-political
2, Public Affairs
Broader than ^
Aristotle,
Public vs non-public (separate)
political vs non-political
*political philosophy
Social environment with political organization makes ‘good life’
Public, politics - work - culture
Private, family - domestic life
Problem, no clear separation of public life and civil society
3, Compromise [art of possible]
Practical,
Politics leads to consensus
Views conflict as starting point by
debate
voting
compromise
diplomacy
*People, > elections, > government, > representations, > compromise
Problem, requires mature + educated society + trust in political
system
4, Power
Politics is not limited by setting/mechanism but a result +
operation of power relations,
Result of dispute power relationships
Mediated power, who gets what
Competing views on power,
feminism: male-female power relations
marxism: economic power
religion: power to suggest way of life
militarism: power through physical force
post-structuralism: multiple powers
Faces of political power;
1, decision making,
, A has power over B, enough to make B
do things he’d never do
2, agenda setting,
controlling the parameters of the
discussion
3, thought control,
blind someone from seeing real interests
*ideology + belief
Problem, difficult to define, who is the ultimate power, which power
is more important [military, economic, etc.]
Regimes;
Political systems,
Ideologies,
And state inputs (police, fire fighters)
Not government, the people/party in power
Classification,
1, Classical Typologies
500 BC - 19th century,
Aristotle,
Relationship between who is ruling and who is being ruled,
X Tyranny, one ruler, benefits ruler
√ Monarchy, one ruler, benefits all
X Oligarchy, few rulers, benefits ruler
√ Aristocracy, few rulers, benefits all
X Democracy, many rulers, benefits ruler
√ Polity, many rulers, benefits all
2, Three Worlds Typology
Cold War,
Economic and political structures, allegiance to dominant
international order,
First World ‘Free World’ west-capitalists
Second World ‘Communists’
Third World ‘Decolonized’ non-aligned
*Bipolar World Order,
*Unipolar World Order,
3, Modern Political Regimes
1991,
No longer alliance to larger specific countries, culture is being
classified, no historical materialism
1. Western liberal democracies
*Polyarchies
Representative democracy, officials representing a people
Capitalist economies, private ownership of production and operation
of profit
Individual rights + choices
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