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[Show more]A MAP of less than what is "inadequate" 
less than 60 
 
 
 
A patient who goes to intermittent dialysis should take what medication 
Prednisone 
 
 
 
Side effect of ARB's blood pressure medications 
Hypotension 
 
 
 
The patient has 3L of fluid deficit, 2L has been measured as output from the ...
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Add to cartA MAP of less than what is "inadequate" 
less than 60 
 
 
 
A patient who goes to intermittent dialysis should take what medication 
Prednisone 
 
 
 
Side effect of ARB's blood pressure medications 
Hypotension 
 
 
 
The patient has 3L of fluid deficit, 2L has been measured as output from the ...
What is the brand name is a PAC? 
Swan-Ganz 
 
 
 
Where is a PAC inserted? 
Into a major vein usually with introducer 
- internal/ external jugular 
- subclavian 
- femoral 
 
 
 
What is the normal pulmonary artery pressure (PAP)? 
15-30 / 8-15 
mean 9-18 mmHg 
 
 
 
What does a wedge pressure ref...
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Add to cartWhat is the brand name is a PAC? 
Swan-Ganz 
 
 
 
Where is a PAC inserted? 
Into a major vein usually with introducer 
- internal/ external jugular 
- subclavian 
- femoral 
 
 
 
What is the normal pulmonary artery pressure (PAP)? 
15-30 / 8-15 
mean 9-18 mmHg 
 
 
 
What does a wedge pressure ref...
Diagnostic tests of respiratory failure 
ABG analysis 
Sputum analysis 
 
 
 
Respiratory failure imaging exams 
bronchoscopy 
chest x-ray 
MRI 
CT 
 
 
 
Respiratory failure cardiovascular indicators 
tachycardia- classic first sx 
dysrhythmias- new or changed 
acute HTN with tachycardia (sympathet...
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Add to cartDiagnostic tests of respiratory failure 
ABG analysis 
Sputum analysis 
 
 
 
Respiratory failure imaging exams 
bronchoscopy 
chest x-ray 
MRI 
CT 
 
 
 
Respiratory failure cardiovascular indicators 
tachycardia- classic first sx 
dysrhythmias- new or changed 
acute HTN with tachycardia (sympathet...
What is the preload? 
how wet or dry a patient is 
 
 
What hemodynamic is the right heart preload? 
central venous pressure cvp 
 
 
What hemodynamic is the left heart preload? 
pulmonary capillary wedge pressure pcwp 
 
 
What does a high preload indicate? 
fluid overload 
 
 
What is the treatmen...
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Add to cartWhat is the preload? 
how wet or dry a patient is 
 
 
What hemodynamic is the right heart preload? 
central venous pressure cvp 
 
 
What hemodynamic is the left heart preload? 
pulmonary capillary wedge pressure pcwp 
 
 
What does a high preload indicate? 
fluid overload 
 
 
What is the treatmen...
What is osmosis? 
water moves towards particles (salt, sugar, huge protein) 
 
 
Which gland: 
-stores and releases hypothalamic hormones 
-ADH released and renal regulation of fluid volume and vasoconstriction 
pituitary master gland 
 
 
Which gland: 
electrolytes, renal function, fluid concentrat...
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Add to cartWhat is osmosis? 
water moves towards particles (salt, sugar, huge protein) 
 
 
Which gland: 
-stores and releases hypothalamic hormones 
-ADH released and renal regulation of fluid volume and vasoconstriction 
pituitary master gland 
 
 
Which gland: 
electrolytes, renal function, fluid concentrat...
FCCN II-ENDOCRINE CONCEPTS ALREADY GRADED A+.
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Add to cartFCCN II-ENDOCRINE CONCEPTS ALREADY GRADED A+.
The importance of critical thinking in nursing 
Allows open mindedness, smart thinking, and willingness for making accurate and appropriate clinical decision. 
What am I missing? 
Why is my patient in pain? 
Grows as you gain knowledge 
 
 
 
Factors to consider during clinical decisions 
Include da...
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Add to cartThe importance of critical thinking in nursing 
Allows open mindedness, smart thinking, and willingness for making accurate and appropriate clinical decision. 
What am I missing? 
Why is my patient in pain? 
Grows as you gain knowledge 
 
 
 
Factors to consider during clinical decisions 
Include da...
preload: what 
how wet/dry you are 
amount of fluid filling heart 
affected by dilating/constricting VEINS 
 
R heart 
-CVP 
 
L heart 
-PCWP (wedge pressure) 
 
 
 
preload: affected by 
VEINS 
 
constrict --> INCREASE 
dilate --> DECREASE 
 
 
 
preload: frank-starling principle 
giving flui...
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Add to cartpreload: what 
how wet/dry you are 
amount of fluid filling heart 
affected by dilating/constricting VEINS 
 
R heart 
-CVP 
 
L heart 
-PCWP (wedge pressure) 
 
 
 
preload: affected by 
VEINS 
 
constrict --> INCREASE 
dilate --> DECREASE 
 
 
 
preload: frank-starling principle 
giving flui...
Physical assessment of cardiac perfusion 
- Oxygenation/Ventilation 
- Pulses 
- BP 
- Skin 
- Kidneys 
- Sensorium (LOC) 
 
 
 
Vital Organs 
- Brain 
- Heart 
- Skeletal system 
 
Blood shunts to vital organs 
Skin is not a vital organ 
 
 
 
Oxygenation 
- SpO2 assesses oxygenation 
- NC and oxyg...
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Add to cartPhysical assessment of cardiac perfusion 
- Oxygenation/Ventilation 
- Pulses 
- BP 
- Skin 
- Kidneys 
- Sensorium (LOC) 
 
 
 
Vital Organs 
- Brain 
- Heart 
- Skeletal system 
 
Blood shunts to vital organs 
Skin is not a vital organ 
 
 
 
Oxygenation 
- SpO2 assesses oxygenation 
- NC and oxyg...
Sodium Normal Value 
135-145 
 
 
 
Hyponatremia S/S 
-Nausea and Vomiting 
-Abdominal Cramping 
-Lethargy 
-Headache 
-Seizures 
-Respiratory Arrest 
-Coma 
 
 
 
Hypernatremia S/S 
-Thirst 
-Elevated Temperature 
-Dry and sticky mucous membranes 
-Restlessness and weakness 
-Disorientation 
-Letha...
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Add to cartSodium Normal Value 
135-145 
 
 
 
Hyponatremia S/S 
-Nausea and Vomiting 
-Abdominal Cramping 
-Lethargy 
-Headache 
-Seizures 
-Respiratory Arrest 
-Coma 
 
 
 
Hypernatremia S/S 
-Thirst 
-Elevated Temperature 
-Dry and sticky mucous membranes 
-Restlessness and weakness 
-Disorientation 
-Letha...
Effects of renal disease: Anemia of CKD 
d/t decreased erythropoietin production 
-may have iron deficiency/ blood loss 
 
 
Effects of renal disease: bone/mineral disorders 
abnormalities in Ca, Ph, PTH, and vitamin D metabolism can lead to bone disorders 
-weakened bones, increased fall risk 
 
 
...
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Add to cartEffects of renal disease: Anemia of CKD 
d/t decreased erythropoietin production 
-may have iron deficiency/ blood loss 
 
 
Effects of renal disease: bone/mineral disorders 
abnormalities in Ca, Ph, PTH, and vitamin D metabolism can lead to bone disorders 
-weakened bones, increased fall risk 
 
 
...
Normal value for PaO2? 
80-100 
 
 
Normal value for HCO2? 
22-26 
 
 
Normal value for PaCO2? 
35-45 
 
 
Normal value for pH? 
7.35-7.45 
 
 
Rapid/deep breathing causes? 
respiratory alkalosis 
 
 
Over sedation causes? 
respiratory acidosis 
 
 
Kussmual breathing causes? 
metabolic acidosis 
 
...
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Add to cartNormal value for PaO2? 
80-100 
 
 
Normal value for HCO2? 
22-26 
 
 
Normal value for PaCO2? 
35-45 
 
 
Normal value for pH? 
7.35-7.45 
 
 
Rapid/deep breathing causes? 
respiratory alkalosis 
 
 
Over sedation causes? 
respiratory acidosis 
 
 
Kussmual breathing causes? 
metabolic acidosis 
 
...
What do vasopressors do? 
increase BP 
 
 
Which drug: 
-increases MAP and SVR w/a mild decrease in CO 
infusion: 0.01-0.04 units/min 
-few side effects and allows for dose reduction of other pressor infusions 
vasopressin 
 
 
Which drug has an indication for septic shock b/c endogenous hormone is ...
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Add to cartWhat do vasopressors do? 
increase BP 
 
 
Which drug: 
-increases MAP and SVR w/a mild decrease in CO 
infusion: 0.01-0.04 units/min 
-few side effects and allows for dose reduction of other pressor infusions 
vasopressin 
 
 
Which drug has an indication for septic shock b/c endogenous hormone is ...
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