Complete and Comprehensive BIO 322 Q&A Bundle

Charles Darwin was the first to propose thatthe changes that have occurred in species are primarily a result of natural selection Which was correct regarding the sources of data for testing models of evolution?all of the above (evolutionary biologists still use fossil data, embryological data was a...

Interstitial Cystitis Chronic painful bladder disorder -Caused by antiproliferative factor (APF) -Sxs of UTI w/o bacteria -Bleeding and pain of bladder, inflammation, Hunner's ulcers -Urinary frequency up to 60x per day Urinary Tract Infection UTI -common cause of confusion in elderly -caused by c...

In which location in the genome are transposable elements least likely to experience strong selection? a noncoding area of the genome that experiences little recombination There are 1,200 functional olfactory receptor genes in the mouse genome and only 550 in the human genome. Which of the followin...

What kind of selection pressure is most likely to favor sexual reproduction? Rapidly changing environments, especially ones that fluctuate or co-evolve R. A. Fisher (1930) and H. Muller (1932), proposed that sex accelerates adaptive evolution. Which of the following statements is not true for this ...

Aneurysm CAUSES Arterial bulging Causes- 1. Brain- Berry Aneurysm (BB) - age, smoking, HTN 2. Abdominal Aorta Aneurysm (AAA) - Atherosclerosis (fatty deposits), smoking, HTN Aneurysm S/S 1. Brain - headaches, eye pain, visual changes, numbness/weakness in face as bulge pushes on cranial nerves 2. A...

Genomics Definition An interdisciplinary field of biology focusing on the structure, function, evolution, mapping, and editing of genomes. Genomics Aim Aims at the collective characterization and quantification of all of an organism's genes, their interrelations and influence on the organism Geno...

An element has an atomic number of 8. This tells us: the number of protons in the nucleus is ______, the number of total electrons outside the nucleus is _______, and the number of electrons in the outermost (valence) shell is ________. 8,8,6 Carbon has an atomic mass of 12 g/mol and an atomic numb...

Hydrostatic skeletal systems mevhanical advantage for cylindrical hydrostats Wall tension for internally pressurized containers Importance of collagenous connective tissue Pliable skeletons time-dependent properties (mesoglea) Stiffening gel matrices with spicules Hydrostatic skeletons criteria fl...

What is true about atrial, aortic, and ventricular pressures? A. Aortic pressure is always greater then ventricular pressure which is always greater then atrial pressure. B. Atrial pressure is always greater then ventricular pressure which is always greater then aortic pressure. C. Ventricular press...

What is the osmolarity of a solution of 140 mM NaCl? 280 mOsm/L How much filtrate is produced in an hour in a typical person? 7.5 L A transfusion of serum would differ from a transfusion of saline in that The hematocrit would increase after serum transfusion because formed elements are a part of s...

Levels of Animal Organizationkingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species Taxonomyscience of classification Systematicsstudy of the diversity of life and the evolutionary relationships between organisms Example of Taxonomy (Spider)Kingdom- Animalia Phylum- Arthropoda Class- Arachnida Ord...

Uncompensated Respiratory Acidosis Description-occurs when there is an excess of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood due to inadequate removal by the lungs, leading to acidification of the blood. Uncompensated Respiratory Acidosis Cause- has not been compensated for, can be caused by conditions such ...

Which part of a nephron is lined by simple cuboidal epithelial cells with microvilli? Proximal convoluted tubule glomerulus distal convoluted tubule Loop of Henle Proximal convoluted tubule There are 2 ways to increase cardiac output. What are they? Increased heart rate and stroke volume increase ...

Isaiah is a 38-year-old male who tells his primary caretaker of the continuity of his condition that he has suffered from for the past years. When asked where he experiences his pain, he points to his LLQ. From background information, it is learned that he is of Ashkenazi Jewish descent and that his...

Sodium is responsible for ECF osmotic balance potassium is responsible for ICF osmotic balance Which of the following characterizes SIADH? decreased serum osmolarity and increased urine osmolarity arrhythmias with the presence of a shallow t wave on an EKG are characteristics of what electrolyte ...

In order to test the Red Queen hypothesis in snails, Lively collected samples of 40-100 snails from different lakes and streams across New Zealand, assayed parasitic infections in these snails, and determined the frequency of males in each sample. Examine his results summarized in the following figu...

What is the blood vessel that the black arrow points to? left subclavian artery Left subclavian vein Right subclavian artery brachiocephalic trunk left subclavian artery What is this blood vessel? right coronary artery left coronary artery great cardiac artery right coronary vein right coronary a...

What is anxiety? a state of being uneasy and apprehensive. When anxiety is out of proportion and interferes with day to day activity it can be diagnosed as a disorder What are panic attacks? a symptom of anxiety, which causes sudden intense fear and physical symptoms that are associated with epinep...

Which if the following would result in non-pathological hormonal hyperplasia? A. A body builder who takes anabolic steroids to increase muscle mass. B. The thickening of the endometrium after fertilization and implantation C. A change in the cell size and shape of the cervix due to human papillomavi...

In this example, describe the relationship between the abundance of birds and horseshoe crab eggs: A. A decline in crab eggs causes a decline in the number of birds. B. A decline in the number of birds causes a decline in the number of crab eggs. C. Causation between birds and crab eggs cannot be de...

Efforts to recover populations of the red wolf, Canis rufus, are controversial because the red wolf may be the result of gray wolf-coyote hybridization rather than a true species. Under which species concept is the total number of recognized species likely to be largest? Phylogenetic species concep...

In the 1850s and 1860s, Mendel bred pea plants and examined the way that traits were passed down across generations. His conclusions, although not accepted during his lifetime established the foundation for the field of genetics. What is the most relevant summary of these conclusions? The hereditary...

Conservation International (CI) identified 25 biodiversity hotspots as areas harboring especially large numbers of A. threatened and endangered plant and animal species. B. endemic animal species combined with low rates of habitat conversion. C. plant and animal species. D. endemic plant species co...

What do scientist mean when they use the term "black box" When we know what something does but don't know how Define biology the study of life List the 5 basic functions shared by all living things responsiveness Adaptability Growth and development Reproduction And movement Explain why most an...

Normal Saline contains 9 g of NaCl per liter. What is the molar concentration? (The molecular weight of NaCl = 58 g/mol) 300 mOsm/L 5.22 gm/L 156 mM 0.009 mM 156 mM 1 serving of orange juice (8 ounces) has 24 grams of sugar. How many mols of sugar is this? The MW of glucose is 180 grams/mol 24 gram...

Alleles used for phenotype & molecular variation Genetic Redundancy & Robustness a given function encoded by 2 or more genes persistence of a character/trait in conditions of uncertainty Gene Products biochemical material (proteins/functional RNA) Alternative Splicing regulated process during gen...

When conservation managers embark upon a single course of action but do not perform monitoring to measure the outcome and do not provide opportunity for new information to influence future actions, they are engaged in Passive Management When conservation managers embark upon a single course of acti...

If chimpanzee and human genomes differ only about 1.3% at the level of DNA base pairs, how can we explain dramatic differences in appearance, behavior, cultures, and so on between humans and chimps?Important difference exist in the expression of the genes in the humans and chimps The primary proces...

If selection is only strong enough to overcome the random effects of genetic drift when Ne s >> 1, how large a selection coefficient s is needed for a beneficial new mutation to reliably evolve to higher frequency in a typical human population? Ne in human population: 10,000 |s| > 1/Ne |s| ...

A variation of a gene is called an allele A long piece of DNA that contains many genes and maybe upwards of 100,000,000 base pairs long is called a chromosome Which of the following is a unique component of DNA? Deoxyribose Which is the largest biomolecule? A) a gene in the genome B) an RNA trans...

If Claire has a hematocrit of 24 and a plasma glucose concentration of 80 mg/dl, how much glucose does she have in her plasma? 96 mg Calculate the amount of K+ in plasma. Assume that the hematocrit is 50 and that there are 5 L of blood in your patient. The MW of K+ is 35 g/mol. 12.5 mmol During th...

Which of the following is not a benefit of Linnaeus's classification system? a. It provides biologists with a common set of names for different organisms. b. It provides names for species according to an ordered scheme. c. It is hierarchal. d. It is well suited for describing patterns of relatednes...

Demographic stochasticity is? Random variability in survival and/or reproduction among individuals within a population Environmental stochasticity is? Variation in birth & death rates in response to weather, disease, competition, predation, or other factors external to the population. What does st...