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1917-85 Summary Notes USSR Propaganda, Media, Art
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This document lays out the media, propaganda, and art in Lenin, Stalin, Khrushchev, and Brezhnev's time in power.
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How Effective was Lenin in Controlling Media, PropagandaArt?
Was Effective Wasn’t Effective
Decree on Press 1917
State of Monopoly of Advertising 1917
Nationalizing Petrograd Telegraph Agency
1917
Revolutionary Tribunal of Press 1918
All-Russia Telegraph Agency (ROSTA)
Outlawed opposition socialist papers 1918.
Closed 2000 newspapers and 575 printing
presses
Pravda higher circulation
Media:
Propaganda:
Was Effective Wasn’t Effective
Decree on Press 1917
State of Monopoly of Advertising 1917
Nationalizing Petrograd Telegraph Agency
1917
Revolutionary Tribunal of Press 1918
All-Russia Telegraph Agency (ROSTA)
Outlawed opposition socialist papers 1918.
Closed 2000 newspapers and 575 printing
presses
Pravda higher circulation
Was Effective Wasn’t Effective
1919-20 depicted as man of people and The fact Lenin didn’t fully approve did not
Russians were able to identify with him. affect the effectiveness of his propaganda
Gave revolution a face
Collaboration with Avant Garde artists
Glavlit
Statues, and photographs
Art:
Was Effective Wasn’t Effective
Agitprop Luncharsky was able to flourish from 1917-
20 under Lenin although Lenin was critical.
As 1920s went on after Civil War, Lenin Agitprop was sometimes a bit too
asserted more control. Avant Garde artists experimental than Lenin wanted
, became less influential as they were forced
to change their style and were attacked.
Critical of influence from American fashion From 1918-21 Lenin’s control was weak as
and music he was busy with the Civil War. During this,
Proletkult and avant Garde artists
flourished.
How Effective was Stalin in Controlling Media, Propaganda
Art?
Media:
Was Effective Wasn’t Effective
Censorship tightened further
Works of Zinoviev, Kamenev and Trotsky
had to be purged from libraries
From 1928, Glavlit controlled access to
economic data. ‘Bad news’ was forbidden
Lenin’s own works were edited to remove
complimentary statements about Stalin’s
opponents. Even Stalin’s works were edited
to remove indication he had once been
close to those he purged. History was
rewritten.
Propaganda:
Was Effective Wasn’t Effective
Myth of 2 Leaders
Lenin’s Heir
Vozhd
Generalissimo
Art:
Was Effective Wasn’t Effective
In 1936, during the Great Terror, Soviet There was a small amount of room in the
artists were purged Soviet art in the 1930s to dissent from
Stalin’s artistic vision. One way of doing this
was to celebrate the achievements of Lenin
rather than Stalin.
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