This document summarizes the following periods: Neoclassical period, romantic period, victorian age, modern age. It discusses important developments in literature, authors and novels.
Engels
English Literature
Neoclassical period, romantic period, Victorian age, modern age
, Engels TP4, 11-06-2019
Neoclassical Period
- No emotions, factual: Puritans
- 1789: French revolution
-> bourgeoisie deposes the nobility
-> rise of the middle classes
- Travel stories: Robinson Crusoe
- Satirical poetry: The Rape of the Lock
-> aimed at the upper classes
Romantic Period (1798-1837, not 1800-1830)
- Reason and intellect vs feelings and imagination
- Strict rules for poetry vs no rules and simple language
- People started thinking more about themselves -> individualism
- Industrial revolution: a lot of people moved to the city where they lived in small
places in bad circumstances with bad hygiene close to each other
-> difference between rich and poor became bigger
-> trade union (vakbond) didn’t excist yet
- 1798: lyrical ballads were published by Wordsworth & Coleridge
-> preface with manual about the standards for literature in that period
-> poetry of simplicity, both in form and contents, guided no longer by reason but by
imagination
Escapism into: (poets felt the need to escape)
-> nature: nature is a life-giving force that is present both in man himself and
in the world around him, a power that may have an active and positive
influence on the human mind
-> supernatural: the anti-intellectual attitude is reflected in the popularity if
supernatural elements
-> faraway places: parallel to the escape of time we often find an escape in
place
-> innocence of children: they saw the child as the supreme example of
innocence uncorrupted by the world, still standing close to God and eternity
(uncorrupted) (against child labour)
-> past (middle ages): disappointment in the present led to idealization of the
past
-> country life: idealization of those people who live closest to nature
Simple -> everyone must be able to read it
Lots of emotions
- People also literally escaped
-> went on a grand tour through Europe
- 1837: Queen Victoria became queen
- Mostly poems
- Writers:
-> Jane Austen: Pride and Prejudice
lived in Romantic Period, but wrote in the Neoclassical style (realism)/realism
landed gentry (lage land adel) owned the land
critic, against arranged marriages
-> William Wordsworth (early): I wandered lonely as a cloud
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