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Class notes ANATOMY [Muscular system]
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High yield, organized and detailed description of the muscular system collated for efficient and convenient studying
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ANATOMYMuscular System
BASIS OF NOMENCLATURE
OUTLINE
I. Types of Muscle SHAPE
II. Basis of Nomenclature
a. Shape Deltoid Triangular
b. Size Quadratus Square
c. Number of heads or bellies Rhomboid Diamond
d. Depth Eres Round
e. Position Gracilis Slender
f. Attachment Rectus Straight
g. Action Lumbrical Worm-like
III. Skeletal Muscles
a. Functions of Skeletal Muscle
b. Classification according to embryonic origin SIZE
c. General features of blood supply
d. Innervation Major, Minor
IV. Motor Unit Longus Long
V. Muscle tone Brevis Short
VI. Disuse atrophy Latissimus Broadest
VII. Muscle Contractions Longissimus Longest
VIII. General Principles
a. Parts of a Muscle
b. Groups of Muscle
i. Extrinsic muscle NUMBER OF HEADS (BELLIES)
ii. Intrinsic muscle
Biceps 2
Triceps 3
TYPES OF MUSCLE Quadriceps 4
Digastric, Biventer 2 bellies
• Skeletal Muscle- consists of parallel bundles of long,
multinucleate fibers
DEPTH
Superficialis Superficial
Profundus Deep
Externus Externi
Internus Interni
POSITION
Anterior, Posterior
Interosseous Between bones
Supraspinatus Above spine of scapula
• Cardiac muscle- consists of branching network of Infraspinatus Below spine of scapula
Dorsi Of the back
individual cells that are linked electrically and
Abdominis Of the abdomen
mechanically to function as a unit Pectoralis Of the chest
Brachii Of the arm
Femoris Of the thigh
Oris Of the mouth
ATTACHMENT
Sternocleidomastoid From sternum & clavicle to mastoid process
Coracobrachialis From coracoid process to the arm
ACTION
• Extensor, Flexor
• Smooth muscle- consists of unstriated elongated • Abductor, Adductor
cells that taper at the ends • Levator (lifter), Depressor
• Supinator, Pronator
• Constrictor, Dilator
SKELETAL MUSCLES
FUNCTION OF SKELETAL MUSCLE
• Movement of the body
• Maintenance of posture
• Respiration
• Production of body heat
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