Ionic Balance
Intracellular and extracellular concentrations of Kt Nat CL
resting membrane potentials
Ohm's Law V IR
Nernst equation
GHK equation
Ion channels excitable cells
membrane stimulation tissue responses
Electrophysiology techniques
Ch g Nat Action
Nat Yat potentia
Outside Inside X q
Nat Kt of Nat
Kt i110mm
stint Hitomi nat at depolarize
g yn CL Ktefflux
Kt Kt Kt Nat repolarized
Resting membranepotential Nat hyper
polariz
membrane is much more permeable g Nat Kt influxrefract
to Potassium Kt than sodium Nat period Kthighi
y um Nathighout
Resting potential
Nat Kt pump maintains resting membrane potential
actively transports ions against their concentration gradients
ATP hydrolysis
3Nat move out 2kt move in
Resting membrane potential is negative 70mV Vm Vin Vout
more the depolarized action potential
more ve polarized
hyper
Excitableneurones cardiacmyocytes neurons skeletal muscle cells
Equivalent circuit
IonChannel Ohm's Law V IR
Battery concgradient selectivity
q Resistor pore Battery in series
with variable resistor
canchange how many channels are
Phospholipid bilayer open
capacitator
ionic solution membranes can store charge
phospholipid
, Equilibrium potentials
Nernst equation magnitude of the electrical gradient that would
exactly balance a given concentration gradient
of a given ion Gives us the equilibriumpotential
that ion
gasconstant temple for
II
condinside
Ex In x it at 370C Ex 60Log x o x i MV
T
Equilibrium
ÉraÉay instant
potentialfor valence of the
If I.tt
anion x ion e g
70mV
Neurones
skeletalmuscle 80mV
more Ct channels
GHK equation
idealgasconstant temperature permeability of ion
Vm In Pk Kt o Pna Nat of PCLCCL Ji
t
RIgiggle
extra intra
Pk Kt t Pna Nat i t PCL CLJo Cellular
1
Membrane
T concentrations
Faradays of ions
potential
Ion Channels
Leak always open e g at rest Kt leakchannels
Voltagegated e g Nat and Kt channels in action
potentials
Ligand gated e g neurotransmitter receptors
e g synaptictransmission y
nicotinic
Primary active transport acetylcholine
ATPhydrolysis
against conc gradient
Secondary active transport
energy in electrochemical gradient of one molecule is used to
move another molecule against its electrochemical gradient
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller elliemig. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $8.63. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.