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Neuromuscular system
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Neuromuscular system
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Neuromuscular SystemMechanism of excitation contraction coupling
Influx of calcium into pre synaptic terminal and fusion of vesicles
containing neurotransmitter to the presynaptic membrane
Exocytosis and release of neurotransmitter into synaptic cleft
e
Binding of ACh to nicotinic ACh receptors on post synaptic membrane
Influx of Nat action
at neuromuscular junction
Propagation of potential bidirectionally down T tubules
Activation of L type calcium voltage gated channels DHPRI in the
t tubule membranes
Conformational coupling of DHPR and RyR calcium released from SR
via CICR
Cait binds to troponin causing a conformational change tropomyosin
uncovers active sites on G actin
cross bridge formation actin and myosin ATP
cross bridge cycling release of ADP t Pi power stroke sliding filaments
48 95Poofifantial
cart
cart
7
Somatic reflexes
one cell path
Motor neurone
cell body resides
in brainstem
or ventral horn
of spinal cord
somatic effector
is skeletal muscle
Ach is the
excitatory
transmitter at
neuromuscular
junction
Percieved
consciously
, Autonomic reflexes
sensory receptor responds to
stimuli at an enteroreceptor or
proprioceptor
Motor neurone communicates in
a 2 cell
path with effector
pre and post ganglionic
autonomic neurones
Pre ganglionic motor neurone cell
body resides in brainstem or
lateral horn of spinal cord
Post ganglionic motor neurone
body resides in autonomic
cell
ganglion
Visceral effector is smooth muscle cell
or gland
Acetylcholine norepinephrine are transmitters at visceral effectors and their
or
effects may be excitatory or inhibitory depending on receptor type
Not perceived conciously
Integrated control of movement by CNS
Reflex 1 postural movement
Voluntary movement
Rhythmic movement
Postural reflex
maintains body position
continuous sensory input
visual vestibular muscles
Proprioception relative
position of body parts
voluntary movement
Can become involuntary
Improves with practice
Cerebellum helps coordinate
movements
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