WJEC Level 3 Applied Certificate and Diploma Criminology
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WJEC Level 3 Applied Diploma in Criminology Unit 2 AC1.1 Compare Criminal behaviour and Deviance
Ac 1.4 Evaluate the roles of personnel involved in criminal investigations
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Criminology
Changing Awareness of Crime
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Unit 1 AC1.1
Analyse Different Types Of Crime
Domestic Abuse
‘Domestic violence (also named domestic abuse or family violence) is violence or other abuse in a
domestic setting, such as in marriage or cohabitation’ (Wikipedia, 2020). ‘The Law applies to those
aged 16 and over, regardless of gender or sexuality’ (Webb, R. Townened, A. 2019) In the brief
Is domestic abuse because . Usually domestic abuse is committed by men but women can
also be offenders of domestic abuse ( ). Often offenders are the partner or ex-partner of the
victim (Webb, R. Townened, A. 2019). ‘576,000 men (2.5% men) and 1.2 million (4.8% women) were
victims of partner abuse in 2018/19’(Mankind, n.d) .In the brief the offender of domestic violence is
and the victim is .Other offences may include assault, murder verbal abuse and torture. The
victims of domestic abuse (typically women) are often in a vulnerable position so therefore public
awareness is low because they fear getting help. The victim may depend on their partner financially
or fear the offender will harm them ( ). ‘According to the 2017 crime survey for England and
Wales the following group of women were most at risk: those aged 16-24; separated and divorced
women; lone parents; those with a disability; and women in the lowest income bracket’ (Webb, R,
Townend, A. 2019). Domestic abuse is seen as both criminal and deviant because society doesn’t
agree with the offences which are also against the law ( ). An example of domestic abuse is
the story of Jenea Harvison. In April 2015, Jenea was shot, along with her brother by her husband Ro
Harvison, Jenea’s mother was unaware that her daughters’ husband was being abusive and just
thought they argued. Jenea not reporting the abuse led to her death. ‘In 2018 Roy was sentenced to
life in prison with no chance of parole, after pleading guilty to two counts of aggravated murder.’
(Morony, M. 2020).
References
Morony, M. (2020) And then they were gone: How Covid-19 has lead to an increase in Domestic
Violence [online] available at: https://www.popsugar.co.uk/parenting/covid-19-has-caused-more-
domestic-violence-in-us-47879584 Accessed date: 20/09/20
Mankind (n.d) statistics of male victims of domestic abuse [online] available at:
https://www.mankind.org.uk/statistics/statistics-on-male-victims-of-domestic-abuse/ accessed date:
18/03/21
Wikipedia (2020) Domestic violence [online] available at:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domestic_violence accessed date: 20/09/20
Webb, R. Townend, A. (2019) WJEC Level 3 Applied Certificate & Diploma Criminology. Napier Press
Limited s.l
Honour Crime
‘Honour killing is the murder of a person accused of "bringing shame" upon their family’ (BBC, n.d).
In the brief is an honour crime because . This type of crime is usually committed
by a male member of a family and typically, the offender is a male Asian who commits the crime
against a young girl within the family. The victim may be beaten or even murdered, for disobeying
the family, for example the victim may of not followed the religious dress code or agree with an
arranged marriage ( ). In 2019- 2020 there were 140 forced marriage offences recorded in
England and Wales (Gov.uk. 2020). Disobeying the family could be seen as a ‘disgrace’ to the family (
, ). Families of the victim and members of their community tend to be the perpetrator of this type of
crime (Webb, R. Townened, A. 2019). ‘In 2019 2020, there were 2,024 HBA-related offences
recorded by the police in England and Wales’ (Gov.uk 2020) In the brief the offender of the crime is
‘Honour crimes include threatening behaviour, assault, wounding, burning, acid attacks and
disfiguration, abduction, rape and murder’ (Webb, R. Townened, A. 2019). Often, public awareness is
low because people out of the family may not want to ‘interfere’ in another families business. Also,
members within the family may see this behaviour as normal and may fear the same thing could
happen to them if they report it ( ). An example of honour crime is the murder of Shafilea
Ahmed. Alesha Ahmed, shafileas sister told the court how their parents Iftikhar and Faranzana
repeatedly attacked and abused shafilea before forcing a plastic bag down her throat and suffocating
her. In court it was claimed Shafilea was murdered for bringing ‘shame’ on the family for not
wanting an arranged marriage or to wear ‘traditional clothes’ (anon. 2012). Punishing and individual
for ‘shameful’ behaviour is seen as both criminal and deviant because it is against the norms of
society and also against the law ( ).
References
Anon(2012) BBC News: Parents guilty of killing [online] available at:
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-19068490 accessed date: 20/09/20
BBC (n.d) Honour crimes [online] available at:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/ethics/honourcrimes/crimesofhonour_1.shtml accessed date: 20/09/20
Gov.uk (2020) Statistics on so called ‘honour-based’ abuse offences recorded by the police [online]
available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/statistics-on-so-called-honour-based-abuse-
offences-england-and-wales-2019-to-2020/statistics-on-so-called-honour-based-abuse-offences-
recorded-by-the-police accessed date: 18/03/21
Webb, R. Townened, A. (2019) WJEC Level 3 Applied Certificate & Diploma Criminology. S.I: Napier
Press Limited.
Individual- hate crime
Hate crime is any sort of assault motivated by prejudice or hate based on someone’s race, religion,
sexual orientation, disability or if they are trans (Webb, R. Townened, A. 2019). ‘There were 105,090
hate crime recorded by the police in England and wales in year ending March 2020, an increase of
8% compared with the previous year. Religious hate crimes decreased by 5% and percentage
changes were lower than previous years (Gov.uk. 2020). . It is believed this is due to improvements
in recording crimes as well as the public awareness increasing’ (Gov.uk. 2020). In the brief is a
hate crime because . Usually hate crimes are committed by someone with strong and
different views to the victim. For example, someone with a different race, religion, sexual orientation
or someone who is against transgenders and disabilities tend to commit hate crimes ( ). In the
brief the offender of the crime is . The victims are those who fall under one or more of those
categories e.g a different race to the offender. In the brief the victim of the crime is
More examples of victims of hate crime are those who may fall under the LGTBQ category. Also,
offenders may have very traditional views ( ). Recently, people are more aware of hate
crimes due to the media and the anti-terrorism crime and security act 2001. This act ensures crimes
committed out of hate receive longer sentencing. Hate crimes are both deviant and criminal because
they are illegal and against social norms to punish someone because of who they are (Webb, R.
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