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Summary Magnetism
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Two magnets will either attract or repel each other in the following way: like poles (N-N or S-S) repel
unlike poles (N-S or S-N) attract
Magnetic forces are non-contact forces-this means that magnets affect each other without touching.
A magnet can exert a force on another nearby magnet. Magnets have two poles: a north pole and a
south pole. The magnetic force is strongest near the magnet's poles. Magnetic material examples:
Iron and Steel
Nickel
Cobalt
Poles - places where the magnetic forces are strongest.
Permanent Magnets - produce their own magnetic fields. Permanent magnets can attract and repel.
Cannot be turned off.
Induced Magnets - material that becomes magnetic when placed in a magnetic field. Induced
magnets can only attract. When the magnetic field is removed an induced magnet will lose most/all
of its magnetism quickly.
Magnetic field - the region around a magnet where a force acts on another magnet (or magnetic
material).
The strength of a magnetic field depends on the distance from the magnet. The field is strongest at
the poles.
The direction of the magnetic field at any point is given by the direction of the force that would act
on another north pole placed at that point. The direction of a magnetic field line is always from
north (seeking) pole to south (seeking) pole.
Magnetic field lines show the volume of space around a magnet in which magnetic forces act.
Magnetic field lines of force show:
the shape of the magnetic field.
the direction of the field lines –north to south.
the strength of the magnetic field – closer together = stronger.
How to draw a magnetic field:
1. each field line has an arrowhead on it
2. the field lines come out of the north pole and go into the south pole
3. the field lines are more concentrated at the poles
Electromagnetism -when a current flows through a conducting wire a magnetic field is produced
around the wire.
The strength of the magnetic field depends on the current through the wire and the distance from
the wire. Increasing the current through the wire increases the strength of the magnetic field.
Increasing the distance from the wire decreases the strength of the magnetic field.
A solenoid is a coil of wire used to produce a magnetic field. A solenoid with an iron core is an
electromagnet. It is possible to increase the strength of a solenoid’s magnetic field by:
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