Summary
Samenvatting cel I:organische chemie Hoofdstuk 7
- Course
- Institution
Samenvatting cel I:organische chemie Hoofdstuk 7
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
medstudnt
Reviews received
Content preview
7. Organische reactiviteit – additie aan de π-binding Additiereactie = reactie waarbij π-binding in alkeen verbroken wordt met vorming van 2
nieuwe σ-bindingen:
Over het algemeen: niet stereoselectief ⇒ racemisch mengsel (ongunstig)
1. Additie van zuren HX
In 2 stappen, toegepast op HCl + H2C=CH2:
Stap1: elektrofiele additie
o Elektronenpaar π-binding wordt gebruikt om σ-binding te maken met het
elektrofiel
o Er ontstaat C-H-binding.
o Hierdoor ontstaat een carbokation (= energetisch reactieintermediair) op ander
het koolstofatoom: H+ + CH2=CH2 + |Cl- → H-CH2-CH2+ + |Cl-
Stap2:
o Nucleofiele aanval van het elektronrijke chlooranion op het carbokation
o carbokation reageert met nucleofiel met vorming van C-Cl σ-binding:
H-CH2-CH2+ + |Cl- → H-CH2-CH2-Cl
Regel van Markovnikov:
additie van niet-symmetrisch reagens (waterstofhalogenide) aan een niet symmetrisch
alkeen, verkrijgt het sp2 C-atoom met grootste aantal waterstoffen het extra waterstof.
(Door vorming meest stabiele intermediair carbokation)
Hoe meer koolstofsubstituenten gebonden aan centraal carbokation-C-atoom, hoe stabieler
het carbokation.
1
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller medstudnt. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $3.43. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
78600 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now