Summary
Summary Lipid and Membranes
- Course
- Institution
- Book
The document explains briefly lipids and membranes including the types, examples and functions.
[Show more]
Connected book
Book Title:
Author(s):
- Edition:
- ISBN:
- Edition:
More summaries for
-
Complete Test Bank For Biochemistry 9th Edition Campbell Questions & Answers with rationales (Chapter 1-24)
-
TEST BANK FOR BIOCHEMISTRY, 9TH EDITION, MARY K. CAMPBELL, SHAWN O. FARRELL, SHAWN O. FARRELL , OWEN M. MCDOUGAL
-
Test Bank for Biochemistry 9/E Campbell
Seller
Follow
busisiwemkhabela
Content preview
Lipids and membranesLipids and membranes | Biochemistry
Lipids
• Categories of compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
• Heterogeneous class of naturally occurring organic compounds classified
together on the basis of common solubility properties:
o Insoluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents
o Amphipathic in nature
Classification of lipids
Lipids are classified according to their chemical structures in to 2 groups.
Classification 1
• Open chain forms
Consists of polar heads and non-polar, hydrophobic tails (fatty acids,
waxes, lipid-soluble vitamins, acylglycerols, eicosanoids, sphingolipids
phosphoacylglycerols)
• Cyclic forms
Consist of fused ring compounds (cholesterol and other steroids)
Classification 2
• Simple
o Acylglycerols
o Waxes
• Complex
o Phosphoacylglycerols (phospholipids)
o Sphingolipind
➢ Sphingomyelins(phospholipids)
➢ Glycolipids
Where are lipids derived from?
• Formed form C-atoms derived from fatty acids
o Cholesterol and other steroids
o Lipid-soluble vitamins
o Eicosanoids
, Lipids and membranes
Fatty acids
• Fatty acids are either components of lipid structures or are used for their
biosynthesis
• Carboxylic acids with long-chain hydrophobic side groups
• Long, unbranched chain carboxylic acids most commonly of 12 -20 carbons
(even numbers)
• Derived from hydrolysis of animal fats, vegetable oils, or phosphoacylglycerols
of biological membranes
• Typically contain a polar head, and a non-polar long carbon tail-amphipathic
• Amphipathic molecules aggregate into molecular arrangements called
micelles (spherical vesicles)
o The interior is hydrophobic and the exterior associates with water
Saturated fatty acids
o Fatty acids that contain only C-C are saturated
o Melting points increases with increase in number of C-atoms (stronger
hydrophobic interactions)
Table 1: Typically, Naturally Occurring Saturated Fatty acids
, Lipids and membranes
Common name: Lauric acid
Systematic name: Dodecanoic acid (saturated)
Above structure includes all the C and H atoms- unprotonated form of the acid
Zig-zag structures without C and H atoms
Unsaturated fatty acids
o Fatty acids that contain C=C are unsaturated
o Mono-unsaturated (one double bond), polyunsaturated (2 or more double
bonds)
o Melting points decreases with increases in number of double bonds
(unsaturation)
o Liquid at room temperature
o Vegetables fat: Polyunsaturated fatty acids > Saturated fatty acids
o Liquids
o Animal fats: Saturated fatty acids > Polyunsaturated fatty acids
o Solids
o In most unsaturated fatty acids, the cis isomer predominates, the trans
isomer is rare.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller busisiwemkhabela. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $4.00. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
66579 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now