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Summary of Chapter 12 Social Psychology, Global Edition, ISBN: 9781292159102 PYC3701 - Social Psychology (PYC3701)
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PYC3701CHAPTER 12 – DEALING WITH
ADVERSITY AND ACHIEVING A HAPPY
LIFE
Key Term Explanation Pg.
Social support Drawing on the emotional resources provided 418
by friends, family members, and people with
whom we work
Global life satisfaction Feeling generally happy or satisfied with our 438
lives
Optimum level of well- Concerns the effects of well-being on task 445
being theory performance
Loneliness Occurs when a person has fewer and less 451
satisfying relationships than desired
Social Sources of Stress and Their Effects on Personal Well-Being
The Impact of Social Relationships on Health:
Hassles Scale
How does stress affect health?
Weakens
immune system
Increases adoption of an Harm to health
Stress unhealthy lifestyle (coping
strategies with negative
long-term effects)
Decreases adoption of a
healthy lifestyle (coping
strategies with positive
long-term effects)
The benefits of social support:
o Social support – explanation in table
o Refers to the perception or experience that one is care for by others, is
valued and esteemed, and is part of a social network of mutual
assistance
o Highly effective means of protecting our health from stress
, o Has been found to reduce psychological distress and to promote better
adjustment to high levels of stress that are chronic
o Companion animals are utilised as social support
Significantly reducing stress
Consequences of being lonely:
o Definition of loneliness in table
o The groups we belong to not only help prevent us from feeling isolated
but also have beneficial effects on our physical and psychological well-
being
o Involuntary loneliness
Divorce, death of loved ones
o Source of social stress
o Negative feelings it involves includes
Depression
Anxiety
Pessimism about the future
Self-blame
Shyness
o Associated with poor health
o Lonely people often feel left out to the extent that people see their
personality as unable to change
o Likely to react to rejection by cutting themselves off from others to
avoid future negative experiences
How Self-Views Affect Outcomes:
The way you view yourself, including what you think about your abilities and
your role in society, can influence the way that stressful circumstances or
events affect your life over the long term
How we choose to respond to adversity can make a big difference in life
outcomes
The importance of believing we can change:
o When we experience rejection stemming from something that we see
as reflection who we really are, then psychological recovery from that
rejection may be more difficult
o People who see themselves as entities with fixed traits are inclined to
cut themselves off from others if they experience a rejection
o People who see themselves as malleable are less likely to direct
negative emotion toward themselves following a rejection
Tend to experience less fear of recurring rejection
Seem more likely to feel less need to hide their rejection
experiences because they see them as an opportunity for self-
growth
Self-change beliefs can help us weather adversity:
o People who are making transitions in life are most susceptible to
loneliness
o Interventions that encourage people to believe they have the potential
to change, and weather adversities may help prevent depression at
these life points
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