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Alkenes and Alkynes (OChem)

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Introduction to alkenes, alkynes and unsaturated hydrocarbons. Includes a guide on how to name alkenes, alkynes, cyclic molecules and cycloalkanes, as well as tidy drawings and worked examples.

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  • September 27, 2021
  • 1
  • 2021/2022
  • Interview
  • Unknown
  • Unknown
  • Secondary school
  • 4
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alkenes and alkynes
alkenes Cntlan one double bond exists between two carbons
:


,
when


alkynes cntlan a. When one triple bond exists between two carbons
:
-




unsaturated hydrocarbons :


removing pair of Its causes extra carbon-carbon bonds
a


naming alkenes parent chain must contain the double bond leven if it shortens the chain)
:




-




give the double bond the smallest address .
number written ,
before -


ene a a

' ,
2 ° 4
2 1 S
4 " 4
" gp
but l ene but 2- eye
• 4
diene
3-
methyl penta -113
-


3 ene
- - -


s
, a.
methyl but a-
-



,
Cn Han lif there is one double bond) take 21-1 for each new bond
away
:




naming alkynes same as above yne is suffix more than 1 alkene
:

use
-




, ,
d '
i 2
2
4 2 di tri tetra
. ,
. .. as prefixes
,
y y

#
s '

ethyne
'
3
but b' ut yn3e
3
l
yne a prop
- -
-
-




4,4
dimethyl pent 2-
yne
- -




bromine test bromine water :
has
both and yne have priority when it comes to
numbering alkyl groups orange / brown color becomes clear there
-



-

ene -

over .
-




Ñ both double ! triple bond before
are double /
triple bonds 1bromine disappears )
in compounds a ene comes
yne
-
- -


,




↳ When combined :
4
en
yne 4 6
a
2
-
-




, ,
↳ if there's 5
lower number
plenty .eu?y.ynes
s
a tie ene
gets
-




priority
,




3- ethyl 2-
methyl hex l en 4-
yne
-
-
- -




:


naming cyclic molecules parent name is cyclo alkane
can start at ÷ counterclockwise or clockwise
numbering any carbon
go
-




if there are branches Ñ lowest
give numbers
possible numbers
-




, 1128
' ' 38
to break tie , look subsequent addresses 1st point of difference
-




a at
,
winner chosen at


Ñ six choose best to
come up possible numbering system that start with 1. use in name

12,4 trim
ethyl cyclohexane
-




112,4 1,415 1,215

1. 3.4 11416 1,36 1-
ethyl -2,4 dimethyl cyclopentane
-




located between carbon land 2
cyclo alkenes I
#

always
: #
cntlzn.sn , alkene at carbon

draw 1- evil
1,6
diethyl 3-
methyl cyclohlx
-
- -




4

3
s



6
2

i 3
ethyl as
dimethyl hepta -1,3 diene
- -
-

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