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Samenvatting: Migratie en de multiculturele samenleving

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Migratie en de multiculturele samenleving (4014777FNR)

Institution
Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)

Samenvatting van 'Migratie en de multiculturele samenleving' gegeven door P-P. Verhaeghe aan de VUB en de UGent. Elk college is uitgeschreven, alsook de powerpoints zijn aan de samenvatting toegevoegd. Bevat een uitgebreide inhoudstafel om een goed gestructureerd overzicht te geven. De samenvatti...

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Uploaded on October 19, 2021
Number of pages 82
Written in 2020/2021
Type Summary

migratie
immigratie
migratie en de multiculturele samenleving
multiculturele samenleving
vub
ugent

Institution
Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)
Education
Politieke Wetenschappen / Social Sciences
Course
Migratie en de multiculturele samenleving (4014777FNR)

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Migratie & de multiculturele samenleving
Maxime Lermyte 2020-2021

MIGRATIE & DE MULTICULTURELE
SAMENLEVING
SAMENVATTING – MAXIME LERMYTE
2020-2021

Inhoudsopgave

LES 2: MIGRATIEGESCHIEDENIS VAN BELGIË..........................................................................................7

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,Migratie & de multiculturele samenleving
Maxime Lermyte 2020-2021

1. Beknopte migratiegeschiedenis van België........................................................................................7
1.1 Interne migratie en emigratie: begin 20ste eeuw.........................................................................7
1.2 Zuid-Europese migratie.................................................................................................................8
1.2.1 Italiaanse migratie.................................................................................................................8
1.2.2 Spaanse migratie...................................................................................................................9
1.2.3 Griekse migratie...................................................................................................................10
1.2.4 Zuid-Europa: van emigratie naar immigratie-land...............................................................10
1.3 Turkse en Marokkaanse migratie naar België.............................................................................11
1.4 Congolese migratie.....................................................................................................................13
1.5 Oost- en Centraal-Europese migratie.........................................................................................14
1.6 Asielmigratie...............................................................................................................................14
2. De uitdagingen van etniciteit en origine te meten...........................................................................15
3. Wat is de balans van meer dan 50 jaar migratiegeschiedenis?........................................................16
LES 3: OORZAKEN VAN MIGRATIE.........................................................................................................17
1. Initiatie van migratie.........................................................................................................................17
1.1 Geografische theorieën..............................................................................................................17
1.2 Neoklassieke macro theorie.......................................................................................................18
1.3 Neoklassieke micro theorie........................................................................................................18
1.4 New economics of migration......................................................................................................18
1.5 Duale arbeidsmarkt theorie........................................................................................................19
1.6 Wereldsysteemtheorie...............................................................................................................20
2. Verderzetting van migratie...............................................................................................................21
2.1 Sociale netwerk theorie..............................................................................................................21
2.2 Institutionele theorie..................................................................................................................22
2.3 Theorie van cumulatieve causatie..............................................................................................22
GASTCOLLEGE – NAIMA CHARKAOUI – OPENGRENZENMANIFEST.......................................................23
1. Waarom we het moeten hebben over open grenzen…....................................................................23
1.1 Kwestie van rechtvaardigheid.....................................................................................................23
1.2 Kwestie van consequent zijn.......................................................................................................24
2. Open grenzen in de praktijk..............................................................................................................25
2.1 Plan van aanpak..........................................................................................................................25
2.2 Economische effecten: winwinwin.............................................................................................25
LES 4: KLASSIEKE THEORIEËN VAN INTEGRATIE....................................................................................26
1. Wat betekent assimilatie?................................................................................................................26
1.1 Ontstaansgeschiedenis klassieke assimilatietheorie...................................................................26
1.2 Richmond Mayo-Smith...............................................................................................................27

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,Migratie & de multiculturele samenleving
Maxime Lermyte 2020-2021

1.3 Sarah E. Simons...........................................................................................................................27
1.4 Robert E. Park.............................................................................................................................28
2. Klassieke assimilatietheorie volgens de canon.................................................................................29
2.1 Milton Gordon............................................................................................................................30
2.2 American dream.........................................................................................................................31
2.3 Problemen van de klassieke assimilatietheorie..........................................................................31
2.4 Alternatieven voor de klassieke assimilatietheorie.....................................................................32
3. Gesegmenteerde assimilatietheorie.................................................................................................32
3.1 Kern van de gesegmenteerde assimilatietheorie........................................................................33
3.2 Tweede generatie paradox.........................................................................................................33
4. In welke mate gaat de gesegmenteerde assimilatietheorie op voor de Europese samenlevingen?.34
5. Etnische enclave economie..............................................................................................................34
5.1 Voorwaarden..............................................................................................................................35
LES 5: THEORIEËN VAN DISCRIMINATIE EN INTERETNISCHE RELATIES.................................................36
1. Wat is discriminatie?........................................................................................................................36
1.1 Drieledig onderscheid.................................................................................................................36
1.2 Wat is discriminatie?..................................................................................................................37
1.3 Everyday racism..........................................................................................................................37
2. Discriminatie aantonen.....................................................................................................................38
2.1 Hoe discriminatie bewijzen?.......................................................................................................38
3. Discriminatie verklaren.....................................................................................................................38
3.1 Economische theorieën..............................................................................................................38
3.2 Sociale identiteitstheorie............................................................................................................39
3.3 Sociaalpsychologische theorieën................................................................................................40
3.4 Implicit attitudes studies.............................................................................................................40
4. Discriminatie tegengaan...................................................................................................................41
4.1 Intergroep contact theorie.........................................................................................................41
4.1.1 Problemen...........................................................................................................................41
4.1.2 Pettigrew: proces op de lange termijn.....................................................................................42
4.2 Contactmogelijkheden................................................................................................................42
4.3 Praktijktesten..............................................................................................................................43
LES 6: HET EUROPESE ZELFBEELD EN DE KOLONIALE GESCHIEDENIS...................................................43
1. Conceptuele verduidelijking.............................................................................................................43
1.1 Het cultureel archief en oriëntalisme.........................................................................................44
1.2 Het culturele archief...................................................................................................................45
2. Het Europese zelfbeeld en de etnische grenzen...............................................................................45

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, Migratie & de multiculturele samenleving
Maxime Lermyte 2020-2021

2.1 Het Nederlandse zelfbeeld en de paradox..................................................................................45
2.2 Occidentalisme...........................................................................................................................46
2.3 Etnische grenzen theorie............................................................................................................46
LES 7: SOCIAALECONOMISCHE POSITIES VAN ETNISCH-CULTURELE MINDERHEDEN...........................48
1. Dualisering van de arbeidsmarkt......................................................................................................48
2. Sociaaleconomische etnostratificatie...............................................................................................48
2.1 Verklaring...................................................................................................................................49
2.2 Twee alternatieven.....................................................................................................................50
2.2.1 Etnische enclave economie..................................................................................................50
2.2.2 Split labour markets.............................................................................................................50
3. Vrij verkeer van goederen, diensten en personen............................................................................51
LES 8: RELIGIEUZE PRAKTIJKEN IN EEN MULTICULTURELE, SECULIERE SAMENLEVING........................53
1. Onderzoek naar religieuze praktijken in Europa...............................................................................53
2. Cultural turn.................................................................................................................................54
2.1 Religiositeit van migranten.........................................................................................................54
2.2 Intergenerationele verschillen....................................................................................................55
3. Liberaal idee van staatsneutraliteit..................................................................................................56
3.1 Scheiding tussen kerk en staat....................................................................................................57
3.1.1 Actieve staatssteun in België...................................................................................................58
3.2 Secularisering van religies...........................................................................................................58
LES 9: ETNISCHE RESIDENTIËLE SEGREGATIE ALS INDICATOR VAN INTEGRATIE...................................58
1. Theorieën van ruimtelijke (etnische) segregatie...............................................................................59
1.1 Ecologische theorie van de Chicago School................................................................................59
1.2 Ruimtelijke assimilatietheorie....................................................................................................60
1.3 Etnische enclave theorie.............................................................................................................60
1.4 Etnische homofilie theorie..........................................................................................................61
1.5 Plaats-stratificatie theorie..........................................................................................................61
1.6 Overzicht.....................................................................................................................................62
2. Residentiële segregatiepatronen......................................................................................................62
3. Zijn er getto’s in Europa?..................................................................................................................64
3.1 Kenmerken getto’s......................................................................................................................64
3.2 Hypergetto’s...............................................................................................................................65
3.3 Anti-getto’s.................................................................................................................................65
LES 10: INTRA- EN INTERETNISCHE HUWELIJKSPATRONEN..................................................................66
1. Inter-etnische lokale huwelijken.......................................................................................................66
1.1 Theorie van voorkeuren, structuren en derde partijen..............................................................66

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