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Samenvatting theorie milieu ‘Extractie’H12 oranje boek
18-3-2019
Extraheren:
Het overbrengen van een stof in een andere fase.
Bij extractie heb je 2 niet-mengbare fasen:
- Vloeistof – vaste stof extractie
- Vloeistof – vloeistof extractie
Apparatuur:
- soxhlet (s/l)
- l/l apparatuur
- o.a. scheitrechter
k = c org / c H2O
k = (m/v) org / (m/v) H2O
[A] org / [A] H2O
Stof A concentratie 50 g/L in H2O
Volume waterlaag = 200ml
Vraag: Bereken hoeveel stof er na 1 keer extraheren met ether in de etherlaag gekomen is
en hoeveel er in de H2O laag achtergebleven is.
K = 10 en volume ether = 50 ml (beide gegeven)
Oplossing:
cAH2O = 50 g/L (in H2O)
volume H2O = 200 ml
10 g per 200 ml
Ca = 10g – x / 200ml
, Ca org = x/50ml
K = c org / c H2O
(x/50) / (10-x/200) = 10
x/50 * 4/4
10 = (4x/200) / (10-x/200)
200 wegstrepen beide kanten
10 = 4x / 10 – x
4x = 10 (10-x)
4x = 100 – 10x
- 10x -10x
4x + 10x = 100
14x = 100
X = 100/14 = 7,14 g in de organische laag.
10-7,14 = 2,86 g over in de H2O
10 – x = 2,86
2e extractie met 50ml ether
Ca = 2,86g – x / 200ml
(y/50) * 4/4 / (2,86-y/200)
(4y/200) / (2,86-y/200)
200 wegstrepen beide kanten
4y / 2,86-y = 10
2,86 – 10 y = 4y
2,86 = 14y y = 2,04
Totaal geëxtraheerd: 7,14 + 2,04 = 9,28 g
Efficiëntie: 9,28/10*100% = 92,8%
K = 10 = (x/100) * 2/2 / (10-x/200)
(2x/200) / (10-x/200)
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