Dit is een samenvatting van alle lesstof die je krijgt in de 4e periode van het propedeusejaar van toegepaste psychologie aan Fontys Hogescholen. Dit gaat over de stof van het boek sociale psychologie, en een hoofdstuk uit het boek psychologie, een inleiding. Alle leerdoelen zijn erin meegenomen, m...
H1 t/m 1.1.3, h2 t/m 2.2.6, h2 v.a 2.3, h3 t/m 3.4, h4(psychologie een inleiding, zimbardo), h7, h8
October 29, 2021
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2021/2022
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sociale psychologie
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4e periode
toegepaste psychologie
psychologie
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Fontys Hogeschool (Fontys)
Toegepaste Psychologie
Sociale Psychologie
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1
SOCIALE PSYCHOLOGIE:
EEN SAMENVATTING
Mia Maas
Fontys Hogescholen TP
, 2
Inhoud
leerdoelen............................................................................................................................................. 5
sociale psychologie (h1 t/m 1.1.3)..................................................................................................... 6
kuddedieren...................................................................................................................................... 6
Social tuning.................................................................................................................................. 6
het zelf 1 (H2 t/m 2.2.6)........................................................................................................................ 7
zelfkennis............................................................................................................................................ 7
zelfbewustzijn................................................................................................................................. 7
bronnen van zelfkennis................................................................................................................. 8
zelfwaardering............................................................................................................................... 9
zelfevaluatie-motieven.................................................................................................................... 9
zelfverheffingsmotief................................................................................................................... 10
consistentiemotief....................................................................................................................... 10
accuraatheidsmotief.................................................................................................................. 11
zelfverbeteringsmotief................................................................................................................ 11
samenspel tussen de vier motieven.......................................................................................... 11
streven naar een positief zelfbeeld, waarom?........................................................................11
Het zelf 2 (v.a. 2.3............................................................................................................................... 12
Het interpersoonlijke zelf................................................................................................................. 12
invloed van het zelf op sociale waarneming...........................................................................12
het relatieve zelf: sociale vergelijking....................................................................................... 13
anderen als spiegel..................................................................................................................... 13
zelfpresentatie............................................................................................................................. 14
waarneming van personen (h3 t/m 3.4).......................................................................................... 14
de eerste indruk.............................................................................................................................. 14
de eerste milliseconden............................................................................................................. 15
stereotypen en sociale categorisatie....................................................................................... 16
aantrekkelijkheid......................................................................................................................... 16
gezichtskenmerken..................................................................................................................... 16
lichaamsbouw en lengte........................................................................................................... 17
kleding.......................................................................................................................................... 17
non-verbaal gedrag....................................................................................................................... 17
gezichtsexpressie en mimiek...................................................................................................... 18
oogcontact................................................................................................................................. 18
afstand en persoonlijke ruimte................................................................................................... 18
lichaamshouding en beweging................................................................................................ 19
Mia Maas
Fontys Hogescholen TP
, 3
stem.............................................................................................................................................. 19
de eerste indruk de beste?........................................................................................................ 19
attributie: van gedrag naar eigenschap.....................................................................................20
spontane gevolgetrekking......................................................................................................... 20
intentionele gevolgtrekkingen................................................................................................... 20
causale attributie........................................................................................................................ 22
Kelley’s covariatiemodel............................................................................................................ 22
impressievorming............................................................................................................................ 23
primacy: de eerste informatie heeft meer invloed.................................................................23
extreme eigenschappen hebben meer invloed.....................................................................23
sociaal-negatieve eigenschappen hebben meer invloed....................................................23
prestaties hebben meer invloed............................................................................................... 23
een continuüm van persoonswaarneming..............................................................................24
De groep 1 (H9 t/m 9.3.3).................................................................................................................. 24
functies van de groep.................................................................................................................... 24
de behoefte ergens bij te horen............................................................................................... 24
sociale identiteit.......................................................................................................................... 25
invloed van de groep op het individu: hoe gedragen we ons?...............................................25
rollen en status............................................................................................................................. 25
normen en groepscohesie......................................................................................................... 26
invloed van de groep op het individu: hoe presteren we in groepen.....................................26
sociale facilitatie......................................................................................................................... 26
social loafing................................................................................................................................ 27
overeenkomsten en verschillen tussen sociale facilitatie en social loafing..........................28
groepsgedrag 1 (H9.4..5.4)........................................................................................................ 28
kiezen tussen eigenbelang en belang van de groep................................................................28
vormen van afhankelijkheid....................................................................................................... 28
het gevangenen-dilemma en het sociale dilemma...............................................................29
het bevorderen van coöperatief gedrag................................................................................29
coalitievorming en onderhandelen.......................................................................................... 30
beslissen in groepen....................................................................................................................... 31
informatie uitwisselen.................................................................................................................. 31
brainstormen................................................................................................................................ 32
groepspolarisatie......................................................................................................................... 32
groepsdenken............................................................................................................................. 33
groepsgedrag 2 (H8.7)....................................................................................................................... 34
conformisme................................................................................................................................... 34
Mia Maas
Fontys Hogescholen TP
, 4
informationele invloed................................................................................................................ 34
normatieve invloed..................................................................................................................... 35
twee soorten conformisme........................................................................................................ 35
het bandwagon-effect.............................................................................................................. 35
minderheidsinvloed..................................................................................................................... 35
attitudes en overredende communicatie (H7)...............................................................................36
attitudes........................................................................................................................................... 36
componenten van attitudes...................................................................................................... 36
sterkte van attitudes................................................................................................................... 36
structuur en consistentie van attitudes.....................................................................................37
functies van attitudes................................................................................................................. 38
vormen van attitudes..................................................................................................................... 40
ervaring en leren......................................................................................................................... 40
sociale invloed............................................................................................................................ 40
erfelijke factoren......................................................................................................................... 40
relatie tussen gedrag en attitudes................................................................................................ 41
attitudes en directe gedragsreacties: het mode model........................................................41
model van gepland gedrag...................................................................................................... 41
vertekeningen in gepland gedrag............................................................................................ 42
discrepanties tussen attitudes en gedrag................................................................................43
implementatie-intenties.............................................................................................................. 44
invloed van gedrag op attitudes.................................................................................................. 44
attitudeverandering beïnvloeding............................................................................................... 45
message learning: de Yale School............................................................................................ 45
cognitieve responsen en elaboratie......................................................................................... 46
Het Elaboration Likelihood Model............................................................................................. 46
verschillende soorten motivatie................................................................................................. 47
invloed van centrale en perifere variabelen...........................................................................48
de sociale-beoordelingstheorie................................................................................................ 51
weerstand tegen beïnvloeding................................................................................................. 51
leren en omgeving (H4, Zimbardo).................................................................................................. 52
hoe verklaart klassieke conditionering leren?.............................................................................53
de kernpunten van klassieke conditionering...........................................................................53
toepassingen van klassieke conditionering..............................................................................55
hoe leren we nieuw gedrag door operante conditionering?...................................................56
skinners’ radicale behaviorisme................................................................................................ 56
principes van operante conditionering: bekrachtiging..........................................................57
Mia Maas
Fontys Hogescholen TP
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