Uitwerking van alle colleges van LUK 1.4.
College 1: Introductie en cellen
College 2: celdeling en oncologie
College 3: weefsels en huid
College 4: melanoom en huidaandoeningen
College 5: botten en gewrichten
College 6: mobiliteitsaandoeningen
College 7: glucose- en vetmetabolisme
College 8...
Inhoudsopgave
College 1 – Introductie en cellen ............................................................................................................. 3
College 2 – Celdeling en oncologie .......................................................................................................... 8
College 4 – Weefsels en huid ................................................................................................................ 15
Epitheelweefsel ................................................................................................................................. 15
Bindweefsel ....................................................................................................................................... 15
Huid ................................................................................................................................................... 16
Epidermis - opperhuid ....................................................................................................................... 17
College 5 – Melanoom en huidaandoeningen ...................................................................................... 20
College 7 – Botten en Gewrichten......................................................................................................... 24
Botten ................................................................................................................................................ 24
Anatomie bovenste extremiteiten ................................................................................................ 25
Onderste extremiteiten ..................................................................................................................... 26
Gewrichten ........................................................................................................................................ 26
Botvormig en groei ............................................................................................................................ 27
Botvorming, groei en onderhoud ...................................................................................................... 27
College 8 – Mobiliteitsaandoeningen – nog kijken ............................................................................... 28
Luxatie ............................................................................................................................................... 28
Fracturen ........................................................................................................................................... 28
Aandoeningen botten en gewrichten ............................................................................................... 30
Bot- en kraakbeenmaligniteiten .................................................................................................... 30
Reumatoïde artritis........................................................................................................................ 30
Osteoporose .................................................................................................................................. 32
Artrose ........................................................................................................................................... 33
College 10 – Glucose- en Vetmetabolisme – nog kijken ....................................................................... 34
Bouwstenen van cellen ..................................................................................................................... 34
Koolhydraten ................................................................................................................................. 34
Vetten of lipiden ............................................................................................................................ 34
Eiwitten of proteïnen .................................................................................................................... 34
Katabolisme en anabolisme .............................................................................................................. 34
Glycolyse............................................................................................................................................ 35
Alternatieve afbraakreacties ............................................................................................................. 35
Vetafbraak – lipolyse ..................................................................................................................... 35
Afbraak glycogeen ......................................................................................................................... 35
Afbraak eiwitten ............................................................................................................................ 35
Vorming ketonen (ketogenese) ......................................................................................................... 35
Opbouwreacties ................................................................................................................................ 36
1
, Spiermetabolisme ............................................................................................................................. 36
Transporten ....................................................................................................................................... 37
Osmose .............................................................................................................................................. 37
Actief transport ................................................................................................................................. 38
College 11 – Ondervoeding en uitdroging............................................................................................. 40
Nutritie en dieet ................................................................................................................................ 40
College 13 – Nieren en aandoeningen .................................................................................................. 43
Anatomie nieren ................................................................................................................................ 43
Nefronen ........................................................................................................................................... 43
Hemodialyse ...................................................................................................................................... 47
Acuut nierfalen .................................................................................................................................. 47
Chronische nierinsufficiëntie............................................................................................................. 48
Glomerulaire aandoeningen.............................................................................................................. 48
College 14 – Urologie ............................................................................................................................ 49
Organisatie van de urinewegen ........................................................................................................ 49
Transport, opslag & verwijdering ...................................................................................................... 49
Nierbekkenontsteking ....................................................................................................................... 50
College 16 – Spijsverteringsstelsel ........................................................................................................ 52
De maag............................................................................................................................................. 53
De dunne darm – ileum ..................................................................................................................... 54
De pancreas ....................................................................................................................................... 56
De lever ............................................................................................................................................. 56
De dikke darm ................................................................................................................................... 57
College 17 – Maagdarm aandoeningen ................................................................................................ 59
Ziekte van Crohn en colitis ulcerosa .................................................................................................. 61
Colorectaal carcinoom....................................................................................................................... 62
College 19 – Schizofrenie en angststoornissen ..................................................................................... 64
Schizofrenie ....................................................................................................................................... 65
Begrippen .............................................................................................................................................. 68
2
, College 1 – Introductie en cellen
Opbouw lichaam van klein naar groot :
Chemisch (of moleculair) –> cellulair –> weefsel- orgaan –> orgaanstelsel –> organisme.
Homeostase
- Zorgt voor stabiel inwendig milieu
o Temperatuur
o Ionische concentraties
o Bloedsuikerspiegel enz.
- Gebruikt negatieve feedback- mechanismen
- Regulering hangt af van
o Een receptor die gevoelig is voor een stimulus
o Een effector die dezelfde stimulus beïnvloedt
Negatieve feedback
- Variaties buiten de normale grenzen start automatische een corrigerende reactie
- Reactie doet de verstoring teniet
-
Positieve feedback homeostase
- Stimulus produceert een reactie die de stimulus versterkt
- Reactie voltooit snel een kritisch proces
-
Homeostase en ziekten
- Falen van regulering door homeostase, dus inwendig milieu is niet meer stabiel
- Symptomen treden op
- Slecht functioneren van het orgaanstelsel
Regulering door homeostase
Fysiologische systemen werken samen om stabiel inwendig milieu te behouden, controleren en
bijstellen.
Anatomische richtingen
- Anterior (= ventraal = voorkant)
- Posterior (= dorsaal = achterkant)
Anatomie van doorsneden: vlakken en doorsneden
- Transversaal vlak
o Transversale doorsnede, lichaam breedte doorgesneden
- Frontaal vlak
o Frontale doorsnede, lichaam lengte doorgesneden, 2 lichaamshelften niet gelijk aan
elkaar
- Sagittaal vlak
o Sagittale doorsnede, lichaam lengte, 2 lichaamshelften gelijk aan elkaar
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller ronneepeterink. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $5.42. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
