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samenstelling bloed
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Samenstelling van bloed7,5% van het lichaamsgewicht is bloed.
Je hebt bloedcellen en bloedplasma.
Serum = plasma zonder stollingseiwitten
Hematocriet = volume van bloed ingenomen door rode bloedcellen
Bloedplasma bestaat uit:
Water
- afname door: nieren, transpiratie, uitademing en ontlasting
Zouten
- veelvoorkomend: kalium, natrium, chloor, calcium, magnesium, waterstofcarbonaat.
- belangrijk omdat: osmotische waarde behouden
- bloedvolume en bloeddruk
- zuurgraad (zoutgraad) reguleren
Plasma eiwitten
- albumine, 50% rol osmotische waarde
- globuline, transportfunctie
Bloedgassen
- zuurstof, koolstofdioxide, stikstof
Bloedcellen (erytrocyten):
Aanmaak in rode beenmerg
99% van totaal
Hemoglobine = eiwit waar o2 zich bind
Leeft 120 dagen
Wordt afgebroken in de lever
Afvalproduct = bilirubine, gaat via gal uit lichaam
Witte bloedplaatjes (leukocyten)
Afweer, immuniteit
Granulocyten (opeten bacterieeen)
Monocyten (opruimen bacterieen en cellen)
Lymfocyten (immuniteit, nemen toe bij infectie)
Bloedplaatjes (trombocyten)
-rol in stolling
-aggregatie - aan elkaar plakken trombocyten
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