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Chapter 26: Caring for the Child With a Cardiovascular Condition Nursing School Test Banks
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Chapter 26: Caring for the Child With a Cardiovascular Condition Nursing School Test Banks
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Chapter 26: CarŤng for the Search … ChŤld WŤth a
CardŤovascular CondŤtŤon
NursŤng School Test Banks
Chapter 26: Caring for the Child With a Cardiovascular
Condition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which is the average oxygen saturation of blood in the
right atrium?
A. 25%
B. 50%
C. 70%
D. 98%
ANS: C
The right atrium is the collecting chamber that receives
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,blood from the entire body except for the lungs. The
oxygen saturation of this blood is approximately 70%.
Cognitive Level: Knowledge/Remembering
Content Area: Pediatrics/Maternity
Patient Needs: Physiological Integrity: Physiological
Adaptation
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
Difficulty: Easy
PTS: 1
2. Which artery carries deoxygenated blood?
A. Aorta
B. Inferior vena cava
C. Pulmonary artery
D. Subclavian artery
ANS: C
The pulmonary artery is the only artery in the body to
carry deoxygenated blood. It is an artery because it carries
blood away from the heart.
Cognitive Level: Knowledge/Remembering
Content Area: Pediatrics/Maternity
Patient Needs: Physiological Integrity: Physiological
Adaptation
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
Difficulty: Easy
PTS: 1
3. What has the greatest influence on preload?
A. Blood pressure
B. Contractility
C. Fluid volume
D. Heart rate
ANS: C
Preload is equivalent to venous blood return to the atria
and end diastolic volumes of the heart. This is directly
influenced by fluid volume. Heart rate and contractility
have some influence, but they are not the major
determinants of preload. Blood pressure is not a direct
influence on preload.
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,Cognitive Level: Knowledge/Remembering
Content Area: Pediatrics/Maternity
Patient Needs: Physiological Integrity: Physiological
Adaptation
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
Difficulty: Moderate
PTS: 1
4. A nurse is teaching a community class on heart disease
in children. Which information about prevention is most
important for the nurse to share?
A. Many conditions are genetic, and preventative gene
therapy may become possible.
B. Maintaining good control of diabetes and hypertension
prevents most cases.
C. Prevention is impossible because there are few known
causes of heart disease.
D. Taking 400 mg/day of folic acid will prevent most known
cardiac diseases.
ANS: A
Most cases of congenital cardiac disease have no known
cause. The most accurate statement is that genetic causes
of heart disease may be prevented with gene therapy in the
future. Controlling chronic health conditions is important
but not the most accurate answer. Prevention is not totally
impossible. Folic acid is important but has the most impact
on preventing neural tube defects.
Cognitive Level: Knowledge/Remembering
Content Area: Pediatrics/Maternity
Patient Needs: Physiological Integrity: Physiological
Adaptation
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
Difficulty: Moderate
PTS: 1
5. A school-age child is brought to the clinic by a parent
who reports that the child becomes short of breath with
activity. Which assessment finding would the nurse
correlate with this condition?
A. Bulging fontanels
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, B. Elevated brain natriuretic peptide
C. Peripheral edema
D. Weight loss
ANS: B
Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a measure of fluid
overload, often seen in heart failure. An elevation in the
laboratory value indicates that the child is retaining fluids.
Bulging fontanels would not be seen in this age group.
Children do not have peripheral edema, as is common in
adults. Weight gain, not loss, would occur with fluid
retention.
Cognitive Level: Application/Applying
Content Area: Pediatrics/Maternity
Patient Needs: Physiological Integrity: Physiological
Adaptation
Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment
Difficulty: Moderate
PTS: 1
6. A child hospitalized with heart failure has manifestations
related to increased preload. Which drug does the nurse
prepare to administer?
A. Digoxin (Lanoxin)
B. Dopamine (Intropin)
C. Furosemide (Lasix)
D. Metoprolol (Toprol)
ANS: C
Furosemide is a diuretic, used to rid the body of excess
fluid, and it is excess fluid that leads to increased preload.
Digoxin is often used in heart failure for its positive
inotropic actions. Dopamine increases contractility.
Metoprolol is a beta blocker, and its major effect is
blocking sympathetic nervous system activity.
Cognitive Level: Analysis/Analyzing
Content Area: Pediatrics/Maternity
Patient Needs: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological
and Parenteral Therapies
Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Implementation
Difficulty: Moderate
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