Exam (elaborations) PSYC 290 week 8 Final Exam

Question 1 3 / 3 pts (TCO 1) Which of the following is the best example of an off-time event that could have negative effects upon an individual's development? The deaths of elderly parents Being divorced at the age of 25 The death of one's spouse at the age of 30 Experiencing a life-threatening illness at the age of 60 Chapter 1, page 8 Question 2 3 / 3 pts (TCO 1) The Maple Leaf Elementary School counselor, social worker, and the parents of 8-yearold Jimmy Jackson are working as a cooperative team to determine why Jimmy exhibits a pattern of highly aggressive behavior toward his peers and teachers. Jimmy's behavior has been extensively observed, he has been subjected to a battery of psychological tests, and his parents have been interviewed. This in-depth examination of Jimmy Jackson is an example of an ethnograph. naturalistic observation. a correlational study. a case study. Chapter 1, page 12 Question 3 3 / 3 pts (TCO 1) An experiment is designed to study the effects of long lectures on the sleeping behavior of college students. In such a study, the dependent variable is sleeping behavior of college students. long lectures. the length of time a lecture runs. college students. Chapter 1, page 14 Question 4 3 / 3 pts (TCO 1) Which of the following is the most correct statement regarding repressed memories? Most adults who were abused as children have no recollection of the abuse. The best way to get at repressed memories is for the therapist to suggest that such memories exist. It is highly unlikely that false memories will be retrieved because of the inaccuracy of human memory. The perpetrators of abuse are more likely to forget the incidents than are the victims. Chapter 2, page 25 Question 5 3 / 3 pts (TCO 2) Which factor is generally considered to be an essential aspect of an infant's first psychosocial task? Learning to control bodily sensations or developing shame if unsuccessful Becoming aware of pleasurable genital sensations and sharing these sensations with others Becoming purposeful, goal oriented, and assertive, which leads to conflicts with parents Being treated lovingly and predictably by caregivers and learning to trust Chapter 2, page 26 Question 6 3 / 3 pts (TCO 2) If you are teaching a child to produce a reflexive response following a nonreflexive stimulus, which method of learning are you employing? Observational learning Classical conditioning Response-reward learning Operant conditioning Chapter 2, page 29 Question 7 3 / 3 pts (TCO 2) Which of the following is the best example of extinction? You change to a different slot machine because the one that you've been playing doesn't pay very often. You stop buying lottery tickets until the jackpot is greater than $10 million. You stop buying lottery tickets after spending several hundred dollars and never winning. You purchase mega bucks tickets instead of regular lottery tickets because the odds of winning are greater. Chapter 2, page 31 Question 8 3 / 3 pts (TCO 2) Which of these best illustrates the principles of social-cognitive theory? Shelby misses her curfew by 1 hour and is grounded by her parents for 1 week, yet she continues to miss curfew. When Marla responds angrily to a request from her daughter Bess, Bess' sister Treva, who observed this response, decides she will wait a day or two before asking for a new stereo. Shea seeks advice from a chat forum on the Internet about her recurring headaches. As a result of the role conflict between her parental responsibilities and her need for personal development, Irina decides to drop out of college for a semester. Chapter 2, page 32 Question 9 3 / 3 pts (TCO 2) Which of the following statements is true regarding prenatal sex differentiation? Sex differentiation begins at around 4–8 weeks of gestation. If androgens are present, female genitalia develop regardless of the chromosomal makeup of the fetus. In the absence of the SRX gene, an XY fetus will develop female genitalia. The absence of a Y chromosome will ensure the development of male genitalia. Chapter 3, page 50 Question 10 3 / 3 pts (TCOs 2 and 3) Meko has dark hair and dark eyes, even though his biological mother is fair skinned. Meko's hair and eye color are part of his genotype. embryonic cell map. polygenic factoring. phenotype. Chapter 3, page 51 Question 11 3 / 3 pts (TCOs 2 and 3) Samson is taller and has a higher IQ than either of his parents. Which of the following terms would be used to explain this? Adoption Multifactorial inheritance Environmentally influenced inheritance Polygenetic inheritance Chapter 3, page 54 Question 12 3 / 3 pts (TCOs 2 and 3) Which of the following is caused by a gene on the X chromosome? Tay-Sachs disease Color blindness PKU Sickle-cell disease Chapter 3, page 56 Question 13 3 / 3 pts (TCOs 2 and 3) Not long after Gloria found out she was pregnant, she began having pain. When she went to her doctor, she was told that the zygote had implanted in her fallopian tube rather than in her uterus. What type of pregnancy is this? A fallopial pregnancy A zygotic pregnancy An ectopic pregnancy An interstitial pregnancy Chapter 3, pages 58–59 Question 14 3 / 3 pts (TCO 2) Which of the following is the best example of the proximodistal principle of development during the prenatal period? The spinal cord develops before the arms. The digestive organs are formed before the heart. Male growth patterns proceed more quickly than female patterns. Differentiation of the gonads occurs before the eyes are formed. Chapter 3, page 59 Question 15 3 / 3 pts (TCOs 2, 3, and 4) What effect does watching television have on the developing brain? Any television watching prior to age 2 is likely to inhibit healthy brain development. Toddlers might improve their vocabulary and social skills by watching high-quality television programs. Television programs such as Sesame Street can interfere with synaptogenesis. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that children between 18 months and 2 years of age watch 2–3 hours per day of educational programming. Chapter 4, page 87