Samenvatting 'Organization Theory & Design' ; Daft, Murphy and Willmott; Chapter 1 - 14 (whole book); ISBN 5900. In de samenvatting zijn afbeeldingen uit het boek toegevoegd ter ondersteuning van de theorie. Daarnaast bevat de samenvatting een automatische inhoudsopgave, om snel in het document te ...
New summary 2024 - Organization Theory & Design - An International Perspective - 4th edition Richard L. Daft - Chapters 1,2,3,4,7,8,9,10,11, 12
Summary entire book Richard L. Daft, Organization Theory & Design
Summary - Introduction to Organization Studies
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Chapter 1 | What are organizations?......................................................................3
Organization theory in action.............................................................................. 3
Current challenges........................................................................................... 4
What is an organization?..................................................................................... 4
Chapter 2 | Perspectives on organizations.............................................................4
Closed and open systems.................................................................................... 5
Organizational configuration............................................................................... 5
Dimensions of organization design......................................................................6
Performance and effectiveness outcomes........................................................6
The evolution of organization theory and design................................................7
Historical perspectives..................................................................................... 7
Contemporary organization design..................................................................7
From mechanical system design to natural system design..............................8
Chapter 3 | Strategy, organization design and effectiveness.................................8
Strategic direction in organization design...........................................................8
Organizational purpose....................................................................................... 8
A framework for selecting strategy and design...................................................9
Porter’s competitive strategies........................................................................9
Miles and Snow’s strategy typology.................................................................9
Kim and Mauborgne’s red and blue oceans...................................................10
Barron and Hannan’s start-up blueprints.......................................................10
Assessing organizational effectiveness.............................................................10
Competing values model................................................................................... 11
Chapter 4 | Fundamentals of organization structure............................................12
Organization structure...................................................................................... 12
Information linkages.......................................................................................... 13
Organizational design........................................................................................ 13
Simple structure............................................................................................. 14
Functional structure....................................................................................... 14
Divisional structure........................................................................................ 15
Geographical structure................................................................................... 15
Matrix structure.............................................................................................. 15
Horizontal structure....................................................................................... 16
Virtual network structure............................................................................... 17
Hybrid structure............................................................................................. 17
Applications of structural design.......................................................................18
Chapter 5 | The external environment.................................................................18
1
, The environmental domain............................................................................... 18
Environmental uncertainty................................................................................ 19
Simple-complex dimension............................................................................ 19
Stable-unstable dimension............................................................................. 19
Framework for assessing environmental uncertainty.....................................20
Adapting to environmental uncertainty.............................................................20
Framework for organizational responses to uncertainty................................21
Resource dependence....................................................................................... 21
Strategies to control the environment...............................................................21
Organization-environment integrative framework.........................................22
Chapter 6 | Interorganizational relationships........................................................22
Organizational ecosystems............................................................................... 22
Interorganizational framework..........................................................................23
Chapter 7 | Designing organizations for the international environment...............26
Global organizations.......................................................................................... 26
Designing structure to fit global strategy..........................................................27
Building global capabilities................................................................................ 29
Transnational model....................................................................................... 30
New approaches to global organizational design..............................................30
Dragon multinationals.................................................................................... 30
Value chains................................................................................................... 30
Chapter 8 | Manufacturing and service technologies...........................................31
Core organization manufacturing technology...................................................31
Contemporary applications............................................................................ 31
Performance and structural implications........................................................32
Core organization service technology...............................................................33
Non-core departmental technology...................................................................34
Department design............................................................................................ 34
Workflow interdependence among departments..............................................35
Impact of technology on job design..................................................................36
Chapter 9 | Information technology and control...................................................37
Operations......................................................................................................... 37
Decision-making................................................................................................ 37
Control............................................................................................................... 38
Adding strategic value....................................................................................... 38
Internal coordination...................................................................................... 38
External relationships..................................................................................... 39
Future trends..................................................................................................... 40
Implications of IT on organization design..........................................................40
2
,Chapter 10 | Organization size, life cycle and decline..........................................40
Large versus small organizations......................................................................40
Organizational life cycle.................................................................................... 41
Organizational bureaucracy and control...........................................................41
Organizational decline and downsizing.............................................................42
Chapter 11 | Organizational culture and ethical values........................................43
Organizational culture....................................................................................... 43
Organization design and culture....................................................................43
Ethical values and social responsibility.............................................................44
Sources of ethical values in organizations.....................................................45
Value-based leadership.................................................................................. 45
Managing ethics............................................................................................. 45
Culture and ethics in a global environment....................................................46
Chapter 12 | Innovation and change....................................................................46
Technology change........................................................................................... 47
Service and product change.............................................................................. 48
Strategy and structure change..........................................................................48
Culture change.................................................................................................. 48
Strategies for implementing change.................................................................49
Chapter 13 | Decision-making processes..............................................................50
Individual decision-making................................................................................ 51
Organizational decision-making........................................................................52
The learning organization.............................................................................. 53
Contingency decision-making framework..........................................................54
Summary of decision-making models............................................................55
Special decision circumstances.........................................................................55
Chapter 14 | Conflict, power and politics..............................................................56
Intergroup conflict in organizations...................................................................56
Sources of conflict.......................................................................................... 56
Power and organizations................................................................................... 57
Vertical sources of power............................................................................... 57
Horizontal sources of power...........................................................................57
Political processes in organizations...................................................................58
Using power, politics and collaboration.............................................................58
Chapter 1 | What are organizations?
Organization theory in action
Political economy of organizations: a theoretical framework that focuses on two
key concepts of organizations and their interaction:
3
, 1. Polity / political system: the constitution, or fundamental norms, of the
organization and the system of authority, power and influence.
2. Economy: the economic structures and processes of the organization; that
is, the system for processing and transforming raw materials into the
goods and services that the organization produces.
Current challenges
- Globalization (globalized production, fast communication, outsourcing
(descent payment, security, child labour, taxes))
- Ethics and social responsibility (ecological, financial)
- Responsiveness (environmental changes, technological changes,
organizational crises, shifting customer expectations, replacing of tangible
goods by increasing importance of knowledge)
- Digital workplace (computers, disintermediation, open information
sharing, digital relationships)
- Diversity (women, ethnic minorities, elder, immigrants, work-life balance,
managing diversity)
What is an organization?
Organizations: social entities that are goal-directed, that are designed as
deliberately structured and coordinated activity systems, and that are linked to
the external environment.
Types of organizations
- For profit
Retaining the confidence of shareholders, increase sales revenues.
- Non-profit
Securing funding, competing with profit-making businesses, no measurable
tangible goals.
- Social enterprise
Combining commercial activity generating revenue with the pursuit of
social goals.
Importance of organizations
Organizations are credited with:
1. Bringing together resources to achieve desired goals and outcomes.
2. Producing goods and services.
3. Facilitating innovation.
4. Harnessing modern manufacturing, service and information technologies.
5. Adapting to and influencing a changing environment.
6. Creating value.
7. Accommodating ongoing challenges of diversity, ethics and the
motivation and coordination of employees.
Chapter 2 | Perspectives on organizations
4
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