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Lecture Notes - Behavioural Neuroscience

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  • Course
  • Behavioural Neuroscience (WBBY01015)
  • Institution
  • Rijksuniversiteit Groningen (RuG)
  • Book
  • Biopsychology, ePub, Global Edition

An elaborate document (ca. 120 pages) with notes on all the lectures for behavioural neuroscience. It includes the text from the slides with the comments/explanation from the lecturer for each point. For some lectures (like lateralization or emotion) a lot of what the lecturer said was literally in...

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Document information

  • December 3, 2021
  • 130
  • 2021/2022
  • Class notes
  • Bernd riedstra, bauke buwalda, gertjan van dijk, anton scheurink en sietse de boer
  • All classes

Subjects

  • brain damage
  • lateralisation
  • lateralization
  • emotion
  • stress
  • health
  • psychiatry
  • psychiatric disorders
  • taste and smell
  • taste
  • smell
  • anorexia nervosa
  • eating disorders
  • aggression
  • als
  • neuroscience
  • behavioural neuroscience
  • pinel

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Written for

  • Rijksuniversiteit Groningen (RuG)
  • Minor Neuroscience
  • Behavioural Neuroscience (WBBY01015)
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BEHAVIOURAL NEUROSCIENCE 1



Contents

Anorexia (15-11)..............................................................................................................................4

What is Anorexia?........................................................................................................................5

Cultural disease?......................................................................................................................8

Genetic disease?.....................................................................................................................10

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder?..........................................................................................11

Hyperactivity..........................................................................................................................13

Starvation Experiment...........................................................................................................13

Neuromechanisms of Anorexia..................................................................................................14

Addictive compounds of Anorexia........................................................................................16

Lateralization (16-11)....................................................................................................................18

What to understand & know for the exam.................................................................................19

Behaviour and Lateralization.....................................................................................................20

Animals are just like humans.....................................................................................................22

Lateralization & the individual development............................................................................25

Lateralization & populations......................................................................................................27

Lateralization & communication...............................................................................................28

Damage (17-11).............................................................................................................................29

Brain damage.............................................................................................................................29

,BEHAVIOURAL NEUROSCIENCE 2


Brain tumors...........................................................................................................................29

Cerebrovascular disorders (e.g. strokes)................................................................................30

Closed-head injuries (skull remains intact, but brain is damaged, e.g. an concussion).........33

Infections of the brain (bacterial or viral)..............................................................................33

Neurotoxins............................................................................................................................34

Genetic factors.......................................................................................................................35

What happens when cells die?...............................................................................................35

Neurological diseases.................................................................................................................36

Epilepsy..................................................................................................................................36

Parkinson’s disease................................................................................................................38

Multiple sclerosis...................................................................................................................39

Alzheimer’s disease...............................................................................................................39

Animal models...........................................................................................................................40

Kindling model of epilepsy....................................................................................................41

Transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s..............................................................................41

MPTP model of Parkinson’s..................................................................................................42

Neuroplasticity...........................................................................................................................42

Psychiatry (18/11)..........................................................................................................................45

Schizophrenia.............................................................................................................................46

Affective Disorders: depression and mania or unipolar and bipolar.........................................54

,BEHAVIOURAL NEUROSCIENCE 3


Unipolar disorder/depression.................................................................................................55

Bipolar disorders: mood stabilizers.......................................................................................61

Emotion (19-11).............................................................................................................................67

The psychobiology and history of stress en emotion.................................................................68

The main physiological emotion/stress response systems (adaptation-reaction) en stress

indicators....................................................................................................................................79

Functional organisation SAM and HPA systems...................................................................79

Factors determining stress responsivity.................................................................................79

Controllability/predictability..................................................................................................81

Conclusion.............................................................................................................................82

The brain as target organ of stress hormones.............................................................................82

ALS (22-11)...................................................................................................................................88

History of ALS:..........................................................................................................................88

Treatment for ALS:....................................................................................................................90

What causes ALS?.....................................................................................................................92

Sport as a risk factor for ALS?..................................................................................................94

Role of testosterone....................................................................................................................95

Smell & Taste (23-11)...................................................................................................................97

Taste.........................................................................................................................................100

Taste receptors.....................................................................................................................102

, BEHAVIOURAL NEUROSCIENCE 4


Taste transduction................................................................................................................103

Basic tastes...........................................................................................................................104

Taste pathways.....................................................................................................................104

Smell........................................................................................................................................106

Olfactory receptors...............................................................................................................107

Vomeronasal organ..............................................................................................................109

Aggression (24-11)......................................................................................................................110

History of research of aggressive behaviour............................................................................119

Neuro-anatomical wave.......................................................................................................121

Neurochemical wave............................................................................................................125

Neuro-genomic wave...........................................................................................................127

Anorexia (15-11)

Anorexia: You’ll be dead before you’re thin enough

Combines brain and periphery functioning.

History of Anorexia Nervosa

● St. Hieronlymus of Stridon, church father and spiritual leader of a group of Roma

women, one of whom starved herself to death in 383AD. First known case of a eating

disorder.

● Dark Ages: a few cases of young women, thought to be possesed by Satan and cured by

exorcism

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