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Kinetic particle theory (final)
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, 2M
KINETIC PARTICLE THEORY
O
MATTER: Anything that has a mass and occupies space is called a matter.
O CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER
S
A Solids Liquids Gas
PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS, LIQUIDS AND GASES
B 1-SOLIDS: Solids have fixed shape and volume and are incompressible.
H PARTICLE ARRANGEMENT IN SOLIDS
a) Particles are tightly packed in a regular pattern.
b) Particles can only vibrate of through fixed positions.
c) Solids do not Flow.
2-LIQUIDS: Liquids have fixed volumes but no fixed shape. Liquids take the shape of their
container.
PARTICLE ARRANGEMENT IN LIQUIDS
a) Particles are arranged randomly with small gaps between them.
K b) Particles move randomly within the liquid.
c) Liquids can flow.
d) Liquids are difficult to compress
H 3-GASSES: Gasses do not have fixed shape and volume.
PARTICLE ARRANGEMENT IN GASSES
A a) Gas particles are far away from each other.
b) Move Randomly in all directions.
c) Gases are easily compressed.
N
Fact: 68.7% of the fresh water on Earth is trapped in glaciers 0345-2494359
, 3
EXPLANATION OF KINETIC M
PARTICLE THEORY O
All of the matter is made up of small particles that continuously move around in
random directions. This theory is known as the kinetic particle theory. The moving
particles have kinetic energy, which is why it is known as kinetic particle theory.
O
This theory describes the state of matter and explains its changes. Also, it Differ-
entiate between the properties of different states of matter. Solids are packed in an
organized manner and are closed to each other.
S
Particles of a solid have powerful forces between them; they cannot move around
randomly and only have a little kinetic energy to vibrate about their fixed positions.
A
This is why solids are in a fixed shape. The forces of attraction between the solid
particles are sturdy which is why it cannot be compressed quickly hence having a
fixed volume. However, in a liquid, the particles are not in fixed positions and can
move in a disorderly manner. They have weaker forces of attraction between their
particles; hence they do not have a fixed shape. Their kinetic energy is more than
solids. Particles in a liquid are distant than solid that is why they cannot be com-
pressed and have a fixed volume. Gas particles are furthest apart, which is why
they have the weakest force of attraction between them. The kinetic particle theory
explains that they have much kinetic energy and can move about freely in an
B
unorganized manner; hence they do not have a fixed shape. Gas particles are fur-
thest apart; hence they can be easily compressed, which explains gas has no fixed
H
volume.
K
H
A
N
The sky is full of stars and there’s room for them all to shine 0345-2494359
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