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ETH305VNOTES
,Chapter One: Multicultural Education brief Summary and important
points:
5 Features of Multicultural Education:
1. Multicultural education encourages mutual interaction and cooperation.
2. Multicultural education views cultural diversity as an asset rather than a handicap.
3. Multicultural education acknowledges the equal rights of all cultural groups in society.
4. Multicultural education advocates equal educational opportunities.
5. Multicultural education encompasses many dimensions of human differences.
The dimensions of multicultural education, developed by Banks (2006), include:
- Content integration
- The knowledge construction process
- Prejudice reduction
- Equity pedagogy
- An empowering school culture
According to Margaret Gibson (1976), there are 5 approaches to multicultural education:
1. Education of the culturally different
2. Education about cultural differences
3. Education for cultural pluralism
4. Bicultural education
5. Multicultural education
Typology of James Banks:
Banks typology includes:
1. The contributions approach
2. The ethnic addictive approach
3. The transformational approach
4. The decision making and social action approach.
Typology of Christine Sleeter and Carl Grant:
1. Teaching the exceptional and culturally different
2. The human relations approach
3. Single group studies
4. The multicultural education approach
5. Multicultural social justice education
,Angelina Castagnos framework of typologies which synthesizes the different approaches
to multicultural education into 6 categories:
1. Educating for assimilation
2. Educating for amalgamation
3. Educating for pluralism
4. Educating for cross-cultural competence
5. Educating for critical awareness
6. Educating for social action
Multicultural education is a multidimensional educational approach which accords equal
recognition to all cultural groups and which provides all learners with a meaningful and relevant
educational experience.
This chapter clearly illustrates that multicultural education is still a contested field where different
understanding, definitions and approaches may be found. It also shows that different approaches
to integration can be found in different schools, but also within the same institution.
, REFLECTIONS – PART ONE
STUDY UNIT 1 AND 2
Study Unit 1:
Topic 1: Historical overview of the origin of multicultural education
in the USA and South Africa
White parents made various attempts to evade the desegregation directive. What methods were
included?
The following methods were included by white parents:
1. There was court cases aimed at declaring the brown verdict unlawful
2. The school boards who were opposed to desegregation adopted delaying tactics.
3. Various states tried to pass local legislation to legalise the segregation of education.
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