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DATABASEDatabase is a collection of information related to a particular subject or purpose.
A collection of related data or information grouped together under one logical structure.
Data this are raw facts or figure that do not have much meaning to the user.
Database management system (DBMs) - it is a set of software which have several function in
relation to the database.
Components of DBMs
1) Hardware tangible components of computer (storage devices, Input/output devices)
2) Software set of program used to control and manage the database.
3) Data raw facts that do not have much meaning to the user.
4) Procedure this are guideline the user will follows to use the DBMs.
5) Live ware the user of the DBMs.
Examples of database software
FoxPro
Paradox
Sybase
Oracle
Microsoft Access.
Using database software you can create a database for:
Customer’s details
Library records
Employees records
Personal records
Common features of a database packages
a .
Have facilities for creating databases
b .
Have facilities for updating records or databases
c .
Have the facilities for generating reports
d .
Have a find or search facility that enables the user to scan through the records in the
databases so as to find information he/she needs.
e . Have a data validating facility.
f . Allows sorting that enables the user to organise and arrange the records within the
database.
Functions of a Database Managements System.
The DBMs is asset of software, which have several functions in relation to the database as listed
below.
, Creates or constructs the database contents
Links the user to the database contents
Ensures addition of new fields and records into the database.
Maintains the content of the database.
It provides flexible processing methods for the contents of the database.
Advantages of using a database management system (DBMs).
Database systems can be used to store data, retrieve and generate reports.
It is easy to maintain the data stored within a database.
Data is stored in an organised format.
With modern equipment data can easily be recorded.
Use of a database tool reduces duplication of the stored data.
Disadvantages
Database system requires a big size, very high cost and a lot of time to implement.
A database requires the use of a large scale computer system.
The time involved ,a project of this type requires a minimum of 1 to 2 years.
Large full time staffs are also required to design, program, and support the implementation of a
database.`
Database model
Model it is a diagram of entities and their relationship.
Database model they are data model which determine how data is stored, organised and
manipulated.
1. Flat files
2. Hierarchical model
3. Network model
4. Relational model.
Flat files
This model of database holds only one set of data and is not any different from the manual files. E.g.
library catalogue.
Hierarchical model
In this model items are arranged in trees form. To access level two data items you have to first
access level one data items
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