Class notes
Non-coding RNAs, miRNA and lncRNA
- Course
- Institution
Lecture notes on Non-coding RNAs, miRNA and lncRNA
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
polinalobacheva
Reviews received
Content preview
RNA Silencing, mechanism and applicationshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7GhfS7VMSd0 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5YsTW5i0Xro
Control of protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells
RNA interference (RNAi): an evolutionary conserved eukaryotic pathway which
1. Prevents (silences) the translation of native genes
2. Acts as a cellular defence mechanisms against viral infections
1990: Petunia experiments: R. Jorgensen et al: Transduction of purple petunias with chalcone synthase (CHS) transgene
to produce dark purple petunias. Actual result: white or patterned petunias
, - Results: Contrary to what was expected, the levels of endogenous and transgene CHS were 50-fold lower than in
wild-type petunias
- Hypothesis: The introduced transgene is “co-suppressing” the endogenous CHS gene.
- Mechanism: UNKNOWN
Anti-sense RNA
- 15-20 bases long oligonucleotides complementary to the
“sense” mRNA
- Inhibit protein translation by inducing the destruction of mRNA
Anti-sense RNA II
- 1963: synthetic anti-sense RNA blocks protein translation in cell-
free extracts
- 1981: natural anti-sense (NAT) RNA discovered in bacteria
80’s and 90’s: NAT RNA discovered in eukaryotes
- cis-NAT: ~15% of the human encoding genes produce also
antisense transcripts
- trans-NAT: transcribed from separate loci
Synthetic anti-sense RNA: Applications
- Research: to inhibit in vitro and in vivo the expression of genes of interest to study a loss-of-function phenotype
- Therapy: to treat diseases that are caused by the expression of deleterious genes, for example, viral infections,
cancer or inflammatory diseases
- 1995: Guo and Kemphues – 1 st silencing of a gene in animals using antisense RNA
The experiment of Guo and Kemphues
- PAR-1: required for early embryonic polarity in C. elegans
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller polinalobacheva. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $13.00. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
75759 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now