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VBS 2032 - Exam 3 Study Questions.
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VBS 2032 - Exam 3 Study Questions.Introduction to Microbiology
Study Questions
1. What does the term “ubiquity” mean?
- Ability to live in several areas
2. What are some surprising places microbes are found?
- Humans, oceans, animals, foods, ice sheets
3. How can microbes travel?
- Airborne & food borne
4. We do not yet know the extent of microbial diversity. Why not?
- Not all microbes can be cultured
5. What are three ways in which microbial activity is essential for
life on this planet?
- Nitrogen Fixation, Recycling, O2 production
6. Where are several places microbial biofilms can be found in daily life?
- Plaque in mouth
7. What are two ways microbes have changed that impact healthcare?
- Can be pathogenic & resistant to hospital treatment
8. Most microbes are not harmful. What are some reasons for this?
- Either Neutral (microbes in ocean) or Beneficial (yogurt/bread)
9. Your friend recently ate a salad containing a brand of spinach that
was recalled for contamination with E. coli. Can you explain to her the
factors that will influence whether or not she becomes ill?
(¿ microbes)(virulence of microbes)
- Chance of disease =integrity of host protective mechanism
10. What are some ways that the Chain of Infection can be broken?
- Isolate & treat , wash hands & disinfect surfaces, vaccinate
11. What is the “indoor microbiome?”
- Billions of bacteria, viruses, and fungi in homes and offices. May help
us develop immune system
12. What is the “Hygiene Hypothesis” and how might dogs (and other
animals) positively impact our health?
- Spending over 90% of time in bacteria poor environment in early life,
can make our bodies to overreact to harmless substances later on
,VBS 2032 - Exam 3 Study Questions.
13. Why are pig whipworm eggs being considered for approval as a food
ingredient in Germany?
14. Why use pig whipworms instead of human whipworms?
Microbial Origins, Evolution and Diversity
Study Questions:
1. What two scientists “discovered” microorganisms?
- Anthony Van Heewenhoek & Robert Hooke
2. Is a virus considered a microorganism? Why or why not?
- Cannot reproduce on its own only when infecting a host
3. What are some basic differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
- Eukaryotic: Nucleus & Membrane bound organelles Prokaryotic: No
4. What are the relative sizes of a human cell, a protein, a virus and most
bacteria?
5. How are microorganisms named?
- Genus + Species
6. Why did some scientists have difficulty achieving the same result as
Pasteur with the swan-necked flask?
The extreme heat resistance of endospores were not
included in Pasteur’s experiments as he did not use broths
that contained hay, as he only used broths made with sugar
or yeast extract
7. What two scientists helped explain the conflicting data?
John Tyndall (some microbes have a heat resistant form) ,
Ferdinand cohn (discovered endospores , the hest resistant
forms of some bacteria
8. How could the potato salad have been prepared safely?
- Autoclaving (pressurized cooking)
- Used a pressure canner, which does eliminate the spores, and the
- potatoes where not heated after removal from the can, which is a step
- that can inactivate botulinum toxin
- • Early recognition of the outbreak and a rapid coordinated response
-
9. Why was there only one fatality?
, VBS 2032 - Exam 3 Study Questions.
Sample Test Questions:
(1) The scientific name of an organism includes its
A. family and genus.
B. first name and last name.
C. genus and species.
D. domain.
E. genus and species AND domain.
(2)Which of the following statements is true regarding potato salad and botulism?
A. botulinum endospores are destroyed by boiling.
B. Endospores can germinate and grow in jars stored at room temperature.
C. Mayonnaise is a common source of C. botulinum endospores.
D. Non-acid vegetables like potatoes cannot be canned at home.
(3) Gram-negative cells have porins, which function:
A. in protein synthesis
B. in transport
C. in motility
D. in photosynthesis
(1) The idea of spontaneous generation postulated that
A. organisms could evolve into the next generation of organisms.
B. organisms could spontaneously combust.
C. organisms could spontaneously arise from other living organisms.
D. living organisms could spontaneously arise from non-living material.
Lecture notes (Prokaryotic anatomy)
Study Questions/activities
1. Make your own version of table 3.3 in the book. What are the
structures of the prokaryotic cell? What are the characteristics and
functions of each?
2. What is a virulence factor?
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